Resonant multiple peaks in the induced gravitational waves

Cai, Rong-Gen; Pi, Shi; Wang, Shao-Jiang; Yang, Xing-Yu

doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2019/05/013

Cited by 98 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…These are for example, the low frequency tail [74,78,79], the UV tail [80,81] and the log-normal peak in the primordial spectrum [82]. Furthermore, the primordial spectrum may also present oscillatory features which are captured into the induced GW spectrum [83][84][85][86][87]. On top of that, large primordial non-Gaussianities may have a non-trivial impact on the induced GW spectrum [81,[88][89][90][91][92][93].…”

Section: Induced Gws Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Scalar Induced Gravitational Waves Review

2021

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We provide a review on the state-of-the-art of gravitational waves induced by primordial fluctuations, so-called induced gravitational waves. We present the intuitive physics behind induced gravitational waves and we revisit and unify the general analytical formulation. We then present general formulas in a compact form, ready to be applied. This review places emphasis on the open possibility that the primordial universe experienced a different expansion history than the often assumed radiation dominated cosmology. We hope that anyone interested in the topic will become aware of current advances in the cosmology of induced gravitational waves, as well as becoming familiar with the calculations behind.

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Section: Induced Gws Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Scalar Induced Gravitational Waves Review

2021

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“…The density contrast ∆ that some authors use in the calculation of PBH formation has a nonlinear relation with the curvature perturbation R on scales comparable to the Hubble horizon, which becomes crucial at the horizon reentry for the PBH formation [83,[122][123][124]. All of these introduce non-Gaussianity in the curvature perturbation, which can have characterisitc impacts on the induced GWs [75,76,81,98,125,126]. It can be either a suppression or an enhancement on the peak value of the GW spectrum, and the former case can help to solve the conflict we encountered in the last section.…”

Section: Non-gaussian Curvature Perturbationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where Ierfc(x) is the inverse function of erfc(x). For β 1, we can approximate The GW spectrum from non-Gaussian curvature perturbations is given by [75,81] Ω GW (k) = 1 54…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulsar timing array constraints on the induced gravitational waves

Cai

Wang

et al. 2019

J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys.

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104

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If the black holes detected by LIGO/VIRGO are primordial black holes (PBHs) sourcing from a large primordial curvature perturbation at small scales, the corresponding induced gravitational waves (GWs) would peak at nanohertz that is detectable by the current and future observations of pulsar timing array (PTA). In this paper we show that with the mass function estimated from the merger rate of LIGO O1 and O2 events, the induced GWs from such a curvature perturbation with a Gaussian narrow peak at some small scale would be in a seemingly mild tension with current constraints from PTA. However, if the curvature perturbation is of local-type non-Gaussianity with a non-linear parameter f NL O(10), the tension could be relieved. Nevertheless, such an induced GWs must be detectable by the Square Kilometer Array in a decade or less.

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“…Thus it is different from the models with only one peak, which can only be detected in one frequency range. So the double peak models can be distinguished from other single peak models [16][17][18][19][98][99][100].…”

Section: Energy Spectrum Of the Induced Gwsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In most of the inflationary models, the induced second-order GW is generically negligible compared to the first-order GWs. However, if the power spectrum of scalar perturbations is enhanced at small scales, the second-order GWs can be sizable or even larger than the first-order one [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Double peaks of gravitational wave spectrum induced from inflection point inflation

Gao

Yang

2021

Eur. Phys. J. C

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We investigate the possibility of inducing the gravitational waves (GWs) with double peak energy spectrum from primordial scalar perturbations in inflationary models with three inflection points. Here the inflection points can be generated from a polynomial potential or generated from a Higgs-like $$\phi ^4$$ ϕ 4 potential with the running of quartic coupling. In such models, the inflection point at large scales predicts the scalar spectral index and tensor-to-scalar ratio to be consistent with current CMB constraints, and the other two inflection points generate two large peaks in the scalar power spectrum at small scales, which can induce GWs with a double peak energy spectrum. We find that for some choices of the parameters the double peak spectrum can be detected by future GW detectors, and one of the peaks around $$f\simeq 10^{-9}{-}10^{-8}$$ f ≃ 10 - 9 - 10 - 8 Hz can also explain the recent NANOGrav signal. Moreover, the peaks of the power spectrum allow for the generation of primordial black holes, which accounts for a significant fraction of dark matter.

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Resonant multiple peaks in the induced gravitational waves

Cited by 98 publications

References 85 publications

Scalar Induced Gravitational Waves Review

Scalar Induced Gravitational Waves Review

Pulsar timing array constraints on the induced gravitational waves

Double peaks of gravitational wave spectrum induced from inflection point inflation

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