Lead-Free Piezoelectrics 2011
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-9598-8_13
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Resonator Characteristics of Bismuth Layer Structured Ferroelectric Materials

Abstract: Crystallographic studies of Bismuth (Bi) layer structured ferroelectric (BLSF) materials were first carried out by Aurivillius [1][2][3] and their ferroelectric or piezoelectric properties have been revealed by a large number of researchers [4-106, 108, 110-117] [39,53,63] ceramic materials have been reported in terms of resonator application. Their applicability to practical application seemed to be quite high because the electromechanical coupling factors for thickness extensional mode vibrations were betw… Show more

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Cited by 3 publications
(2 citation statements)
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“…Nowadays, lead-based electro-ceramics as PZT are the most used due they have excellent piezoelectric (d33=590-610 pC/N) and dielectric (r=1700-1790) properties [1,2]. However, considering the high toxicity of lead and its volatility at high temperatures, required for the synthesis of lead-based ceramics, there is a trend towards the development of lead-free ferroelectric systems [3].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Nowadays, lead-based electro-ceramics as PZT are the most used due they have excellent piezoelectric (d33=590-610 pC/N) and dielectric (r=1700-1790) properties [1,2]. However, considering the high toxicity of lead and its volatility at high temperatures, required for the synthesis of lead-based ceramics, there is a trend towards the development of lead-free ferroelectric systems [3].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[10] Consequently, BLSFs piezoelectrics possess high Curie temperature T c (500-1000 °C), high mechanical quality factors, and low aging rates, which make them promising candidates for the hightemperature electronic industry. [11][12][13] Bismuth titanate, Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 (BIT), is always regarded as an excellent candidate for high-temperature electromechanical systems owing to its high Curie temperature (T c is of 675 °C) as well as outbound spontaneous polarization (P s is of 50 µC cm −2 along the a-axis). [14][15][16] However, the piezoelectricity of BIT ceramics is poor (only 6-8 pC N −1 ) due to its strong anisotropic polarization, a large coercive field, and high leakage current.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%