“…28 Wang et al constructed neurons based on DNA molecule displacement reactions to implement ''AND'', ''OR'', and ''NAND'' gates and designed a three-person voting circuit by cascading these neurons. 29 In 2022, Fan et al introduced a comprehensive molecular implementation of a convolutional neural network algorithm utilizing synthetic DNA regulatory circuits. 30 This approach is based on a straightforward switching gate architecture, which enables efficient and precise control of signal propagation and regulation within the network.…”