Resource Exploitation, Subsistence Strategies, and Adaptiveness in Late Pleistocene—Early Holocene Northwest Europe

The Laacher See-eruption (12,920 BP) and material culture change at the end of the Allerød in Northern Europe

“…A large number of Federmesser sites are known from this area (De Bie and Caspar, 2000;De Bie and Vermeersch, 1998;Houtsma et al, 1996), and it is only here that a gradual cultural evolution from the Late Magdalenian into the Federmesser and Mesolithic can be demonstrated (Bodu, 1998). Importantly, the recent AMS re-dating of Late Glacial sites in the Thuringian Basin, which connects northern with central Europe, indicates that the LSE constitutes an endpoint for human activity in this area, confirming Eriksen's (1996) earlier suggestion of a regional occupation hiatus during the late Allerød and Younger Dryas (Fig. 3).…”

“…This culture has been defined as the 'eastern equivalent' (Szymczak, 1987, p. 267) of the Bromme and although it is only known from a handful of sites, recent fieldwork in this area confirms its presence (Siemaszko, 1999). The extensive re-dating of Late Glacial sites in the Thuringian Basin has significantly refined the chronology of this area (compare, for example the dates in Höck, 2000 with those presented by Stevens andHedges, 2004 andGrünberg, 2006), indicating a settlement hiatus beginning prior to or at the LSE (Eriksen, 1996). Looking towards the west, the 14 C dates for the British Isles indicate a significant reduction of human activity after the LSE although a re-investigation of the British Late Glacial radiocarbon record is currently underway (R. Jacobi, personal communication) and may revise this picture.…”

“…Moreover, undisputed Bromme and Perstunian settlement sites occur only to the west and east of the LST, respectively (Szymczak, 1987). Despite vigorous The areas 1 (Southern Scandinavia), 2 (Thuringian Basin) and 3 (south-western Germany) correspond to the macro-regional division of Eriksen (1996). The sites I (Rüsselsheim 122), II (Rothenkirchen) and III (Abri Bettenroder Berg IX) are the currently known FMG sites, where occupation is capped by and ceases with the LSE.…”

Reexamining the timing of reindeer disappearance in southwestern France in the larger context of late glacial faunal turnover

“…in Weber et al, 2011). As reindeer was the primary game of Ahrensburgian hunters (Eriksen, 1996;Street, 1998;Weber et al, 2011) during the GS-1, reindeer populations must have been abundant in northern Germany and southern Scandinavia at this time. If we accept Baales' hypothesis (Baales, 1992;in Street, 1998) that these herds probably migrated to the northern fringe of the most southerly upland zone in the spring, reindeer must have also been seasonally abundant in Belgium and in the northern Rhineland.…”

“…If we accept Baales' hypothesis (Baales, 1992;in Street, 1998) that these herds probably migrated to the northern fringe of the most southerly upland zone in the spring, reindeer must have also been seasonally abundant in Belgium and in the northern Rhineland. The presence of residual populations of reindeer at the very start of the Preboreal in northern Germany has been proposed by Eriksen (1996), but no direct dates are available. In southern Germany, reindeer have not been detected during the GS-1 (Weber et al, 2011).…”