Resource loss, self-efficacy, and family support predict posttraumatic stress symptoms: a 3-year study of earthquake survivors

Warner, Lisa M.; Gutiérrez‐Doña, Benicio; Angulo, Maricela Villegas; Schwarzer, Ralf

doi:10.1080/10615806.2014.955018

Cited by 34 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…In addition, Benight and colleagues examined individuals’ acute disaster responses (1–4 months post-disaster) and medium-range disaster recovery (8–12 months); thus, their period of examination differs from our period. Our findings of a lack of relationship with recovery are, however, similar to the findings of Warner, Gutierrez-Dona [ 13 ]. These authors found that posttraumatic stress reactions 3 years after an earthquake were not significantly related to concurrent GSE after posttraumatic stress reactions at 1 to 6 months were taken into consideration.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Furthermore, in a study conducted after a natural disaster, they found a similar relationship between CSE and later distress, as assessed by a measure of global psychological distress [ 12 ]. A recently published study [ 13 ] found that GSE was not significantly related to posttraumatic stress reactions 3 years post-earthquake when posttraumatic stress reactions 1–6 months post-disaster were taken into account. Unfortunately, GSE was assessed at follow-up but not prior to the period of change.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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General self-efficacy and posttraumatic stress after a natural disaster: a longitudinal study

et al. 2016

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BackgroundSelf-efficacy may be an important factor in individuals’ recovery from posttraumatic stress reactions after a natural disaster. However, few longitudinal studies have investigated whether self-efficacy predicts the course of posttraumatic recovery beyond lower initial levels of distress. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether general self-efficacy is related to recovery from posttraumatic stress reactions from a longitudinal perspective.MethodsA total of 617 Norwegians exposed to the 2004 Southeast Asian tsunami completed self-report questionnaires measuring their level of disaster exposure and general self-efficacy at 6 months and posttraumatic stress reactions 6 months and 2 years post-disaster. Predictors of changes in posttraumatic stress reactions were analyzed with multivariate mixed effects models.ResultsSelf-efficacy at 6 months post-disaster was unrelated to trauma exposure and inversely related to posttraumatic stress reactions at 6 months and 2 years post-disaster. However, self-efficacy was not related to recovery from posttraumatic stress reactions between 6 months and 2 years post-disaster.ConclusionsIn conclusion, general self-efficacy is related to lower levels of posttraumatic stress reactions in the first months after a disaster but does not appear to be related to improved recovery rates over the longer term.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

General self-efficacy and posttraumatic stress after a natural disaster: a longitudinal study

et al. 2016

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“…However, the above studies have been pertinent to adults, and the majority of the studies have ignored the impact of other personality traits (e.g., psychoticism). It has not yet been determined what role personality traits play in PTSD or depression symptoms among children after a catastrophe when primary personality traits are included and other risk factors are controlled 16 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Personality and Subjective Exposure Experiences in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Depression Symptoms among Children Following Wenchuan Earthquake

Chen

Bin

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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This study aims to investigate the role of personality traits and subjective exposure experiences in posttraumatic stress disorder and depression symptoms. In Qingchuan, 21,652 children aged 7 to 15 years were assessed using face-to-face interviews one year after the Wenchuan earthquake in China. The Junior Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, a modified earthquake exposure scale, the UCLA Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Reaction Index (adolescent), and the Adolescent Depression Inventory were used to assess personality characteristics, trauma experiences, posttraumatic stress disorder and depression symptoms, respectively. The measurement was completed with 20,749 children. After adjusting for other factors by multinomial logistic regression analysis, neuroticism, having felt unable to escape from the disaster and having been trapped for a longer time were risk factors of posttraumatic stress disorder and depression symptoms. Socialization was a protective factor of them. Having felt extreme panic or fear was a risk factor of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms. For depression symptoms, introversion and psychoticism were risk factors, and extraversion was a protective factor. This study was conducted with the largest representative sample of child survivors of a natural, devastating disaster in a developing country. These results could be useful for planning psychological intervention strategies for children and for influencing further research.

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“…The few existing longitudinal studies have produced mixed findings concerning the temporal relationship between self-efficacy and posttraumatic stress symptoms. Some longitudinal studies of natural disaster survivors found self-efficacy to be related to lower levels of posttraumatic stress symptoms longitudinally (Benight et al, 1999; Benight and Harper, 2002) or to moderate the effect of social support on stress symptoms (Warner et al, 2015). However, we previously found self-efficacy to be related only to concurrent posttraumatic stress symptoms (Johansen et al, 2007) and to be unrelated to posttraumatic stress symptoms beyond 6 months post-disaster (Nygaard et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal Relationship between Self-efficacy and Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms 8 Years after a Violent Assault: An Autoregressive Cross-Lagged Model

et al. 2017

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Self-efficacy is assumed to promote posttraumatic adaption, and several cross-sectional studies support this notion. However, there is a lack of prospective longitudinal studies to further illuminate the temporal relationship between self-efficacy and posttraumatic stress symptoms. Thus, an important unresolved research question is whether posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms affect the level of self-efficacy or vice versa or whether they mutually influence each other. The present prospective longitudinal study investigated the reciprocal relationship between general self-efficacy (GSE) and posttraumatic stress symptoms in 143 physical assault victims. We used an autoregressive cross-lagged model across four assessment waves: within 4 months after the assault (T1) and then 3 months (T2), 12 months (T3) and 8 years (T4) after the first assessment. Stress symptoms at T1 and T2 predicted subsequent self-efficacy, while self-efficacy at T1 and T2 was not related to subsequent stress symptoms. These relationships were reversed after T3; higher levels of self-efficacy at T3 predicted lower levels of posttraumatic stress symptoms at T4, while posttraumatic tress symptoms at T3 did not predict self-efficacy at T4. In conclusion, posttraumatic stress symptoms may have a deteriorating effect on self-efficacy in the early phase after physical assault, whereas self-efficacy may promote recovery from posttraumatic stress symptoms over the long term.

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Resource loss, self-efficacy, and family support predict posttraumatic stress symptoms: a 3-year study of earthquake survivors

Cited by 34 publications

References 39 publications

General self-efficacy and posttraumatic stress after a natural disaster: a longitudinal study

General self-efficacy and posttraumatic stress after a natural disaster: a longitudinal study

The Role of Personality and Subjective Exposure Experiences in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Depression Symptoms among Children Following Wenchuan Earthquake

Longitudinal Relationship between Self-efficacy and Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms 8 Years after a Violent Assault: An Autoregressive Cross-Lagged Model

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