Resource use efficiency of maize production in Jammu Region of J & K State

Abstract

Maize one of the important crops of rainfed agriculture is grown in low, mid and high hill altitudes. The study was conducted on resource use efficiency of maize production in Jammu Region of J&K state during the year 2007-08. Jammu region of state observed a positive trend for area but negative for yield of maize. In sampleddistricts, area under maize cultivation contributed positively in production but yield and interaction effect of both factors contributed negatively during the overall period of twenty years. The allocative efficiency was 0.014, 0.668, 1.019, 3.244 and 13.38 respectively for labour, capital, irrigation and fertilizers (N and K), respectively and the allocative efficiency of fertilizer (P) was negative (-1.732). Maximum likelihood estimates showed that the value of variance parameters lambda (λ) was 4.219 and that of sigma (σ) was 0.455, which were significantly different from zero indicating a good fit and the correctness of the distributional assumptions specified and the value of gamma ( γ) was 0. 946 indicating 94 per cent of variation between the observed output and frontier output The estimated elasticities of the explanatory variables like labour (0.378), capital (0.336), irrigation (0.225), nitrogen (0.244) and potash (0.292) were positive while the value of phosphate (-0.383) was negative. The analysis of results showed that the returns to scale (RTS) was 1.092. Factors that affected on technical efficiency predicted the regression coefficient for education as 0.023 and farm size as 0.878 and for the proportion of female workers (0.062) in the family was also positively significant.

Exploring Plant-Based Ethnomedicine and Quantitative Ethnopharmacology: Medicinal Plants Utilized by the Population of Jasrota Hill in Western Himalaya

“…A high value towards 1 suggests that relatively few taxa are used by a large proportion of the informants, and a low value indicates that the interview informants disagree on the taxa to be used for curing ailments [56]. The ICF reflects the homogeneity of the information and consensus between the individuals [57,58]. The Spearman correlation test [59] was also studied to evaluate the correlation between the age of individuals and the number of uses mentioned for ethnomedicinal plants.…”

“…The scientific literature on ethnomedicinal field studies conducted in the Jammu & Kashmir and Himalaya regions available in scientific journals, books, and monographs were consulted in the library. Plant species were botanically identified with the help of "Flora of Jammu and Plants of Neighbourhood" [58], "Flora of Trikuta Hills" [61], "Flora of Udhampur" [62], "Handbook of Medicinal Herbs" [63], "Indian Medicinal Plants-An Illustrated Dictionary" [64], "Illustration of Jammu Plants" [65], and "Plants for Wellness and Vigour" [66]. Books and research papers based on secondary information were not included in the present study.…”

Bromus kashmirensis (Poaceae), a new species from Kashmir Himalaya, India

“…Morphological comparison among related species was performed based on herbarium specimens from BSD, CAL, CDRI, CIMAP, DD, K, KASH and LWG, as well as specimens collected by ourselves (Yadav et al unpubl.). In order to identify specimens, various regional, local, national and international floras, as well as other relevant literature were also consulted (Hooker 1897, Nevski and Sochava 1934, Bor 1960, 1970, Singh and Kachroo 1976, Sharma and Kachroo 1981, Cope 1982, Kapur and Sarin 1990, Navachoo and Kachroo 1995, Shukla 1996, Swami and Gupta 1997, Noltie 2000, Pavlick and Anderton 2007, Naderi and Rahiminejad 2015).…”

Psammogeton shivalikense sp. nov. (Apiaceae: Pimpinelleae), restricted to the Shivalik hills of Jammu and Kashmir (North‐West India)

“…In India the genus is represented by two species viz. Psammogeton biternatum and P. canescens which have been reported from Jammu district of Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand (Sinha et al 2019), Muktesar district of Punjab and Rajasthan (Clarke 1879, Babu 1977, Sharma and Kachroo 1981, 1983). Psammogeton biternatum was described from Punjab plains by Clarke in Hooker's Flora of British India.…”