Resources for assessing parents’ vaccine hesitancy: a systematic review of the literature

Cella, Paola; Voglino, Gianluca; Barberis, Ilaria; Alagna, Enrico; Alessandroni, Claudia; Cuda, Alessandro; D’Aloisio, F; Dallagiacoma, Giulia; Nitto, Sara De; Gaspare, Francesca Di; Gallipoli, Oriana; Gentile, Leandro; Kundisov, Lucia; Navaro, Monica; Provenzano, Sandro; Santangelo, Omar Enzo; Stefanizzi, Pasquale; Gianfredi, Vincenza

doi:10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2020.61.3.1448

Cited by 25 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 334 publications

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“…Sociodemographic characteristics influenced the difference between hesitant attitudes and vaccination uptake. Most published studies evaluating parental vaccine hesitancy focused on one specific vaccine (like influenza, HPV, or MMR vaccines) and the effect of socioeconomic and educational variables on vaccination decision-making ( 19 , 42 , 72 ). The study aimed to examine the effect of additional sociodemographic characteristics on the rate of vaccine hesitancy in general and not limit our study to a specific vaccine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the wide range of findings, the results of several studies, as mentioned above, and several systematic reviews suggest that there are still factors contributing to vaccine hesitancy to be identified and further explored ( 4 , 40 , 41 ). Moreover, as we mentioned above there are some discrepancies among scholars in terms of what exactly falls under the umbrella of “vaccine hesitancy” ( 42 ). In light of the debate concerning the definition of vaccine hesitancy and the fact that there are few empirical studies focusing on individuals who vaccinate according to the recommended schedule but still have concerns, the study aims to examine hesitant attitudes among pro-vaccination parents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pro-vaccination Groups Expressing Hesitant Attitudes: A Cross-Sectional Study About the Difference Between Attitudes and Actual Behavior in Israel

Hijazi

Gesser‐Edelsburg

Feder‐Bubis

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundVaccines have contributed to the decline in mortality, morbidity, and even the eradication of various infectious diseases. Over time, the availability of information to the public and the request for public involvement in the health decision-making process have risen, and the confidence in vaccines has dropped. An increasing number of parents and individuals are choosing to delay or refuse vaccines.Objectives(1) Identifying hesitant attitudes among pro-vaccination parents; (2) testing the difference between the rate of hesitant attitudes and the rate of hesitancy in practice among pro-vaccination parents; and (3) examining the association of sociodemographic characteristics (gender, age, marital status education and religious affiliation) with the difference between hesitant attitudes and hesitancy in practice among pro-vaccination parents.MethodsDescriptive cross-sectional survey using an online survey that measured vaccine hesitancy among pro-vaccination parents (n = 558) whose children were in kindergarten (3–5 years), according to a variety of sociodemographic characteristics.ResultsA significant difference was found between the rate of hesitant attitudes and the rate of hesitation in actual vaccination among pro-vaccination and hesitant parents, where despite that 26% of the parents had hesitant attitudes, only 19% hesitated in practice [P = 0.0003]. There was also a significant difference between the rate of hesitant attitudes and the rate of hesitancy in practice among women [P = 0.0056] and men [P = 0.0158], parents between 30 and 39 years of age [P = 0.0008], traditional parents [P = 0.0093], Non-academic parents [P = 0.0007] and parents with BA degree [P = 0.0474].ConclusionPro-vaccination individuals may have hesitant attitudes regarding vaccines. Therefore, it is very important for health authorities to address the public's fears and concerns, including those who are classified as pro-vaccination.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pro-vaccination Groups Expressing Hesitant Attitudes: A Cross-Sectional Study About the Difference Between Attitudes and Actual Behavior in Israel

Hijazi

Gesser‐Edelsburg

Feder‐Bubis

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Furthermore, levels of hesitancy can vary depending on the vaccine. A variety of tools and instruments have been designed to investigate psychosocial aspects of vaccine hesitancy [ 15 – 18 ]. However, to date few of these instruments have been applied in older adult populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in attitudes to vaccination as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal study of older adults in the UK

et al. 2021

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Background The rapid development of COVID-19 vaccines has brought an unprecedented focus on public attitudes to vaccines, with intention to accept a COVID-19 vaccine fluctuating during the pandemic. However, it is unclear how the pandemic may influence attitudes and behaviour in relation to vaccines in general. The aim of the current study is to examine older adults’ changes in vaccination attitudes and behaviour over the first year of the pandemic. Methods In February-March 2020 (before the first COVID-19 national lockdown in the UK), 372 older adults (aged 65+) provided sociodemographic information, self-reported influenza vaccine uptake, and completed two measures of vaccination attitudes: the 5C scale and the Vaccination Attitudes Examination Scale. One-year later, following rollout of COVID-19 vaccines to older adults, participants provided information on their COVID-19 and influenza vaccine uptake in the previous 12 months, and completed the 5C and VAX scales again. Paired samples t-tests were used to examine changes in vaccination attitudes over time. Results Almost all participants (98.7%) had received at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine, and a significant increase in influenza uptake was identified (83.6% in 2020 to 91.6% in 2021). Complacency, mistrust of vaccine benefit, concerns about commercial profiteering, and constraints to vaccination had significantly decreased between Time 1 and Time 2, and collective responsibility had significant increased. However, calculation and worries about unforeseen future effects had increased, indicating that participants now perceived higher risks related to vaccination and were taking a more deliberative information-seeking approach. Conclusion The results show significant changes in vaccination attitudes across the pandemic. These changes suggest that while older adults became less complacent about the importance of vaccines, concerns about potential risks associated with vaccination increased. It will be important for public health communication to address these concerns for all vaccines offered to this group.

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“…Two systematic reviews evaluating tools measuring parental vaccine hesitancy found that there existed heterogeneity in the survey tools and many tools were not validated. 13 , 14 In 2015, the 10-item vaccine hesitancy scale (VHS) was developed by the Strategic Advisory Group of Experts through various methods, including systematic review and expert consultation. 15 This tool has been validated in several countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of the World Health Organization’s parental vaccine hesitancy scale in China using child vaccination data

Wang

Xiu²,

Yang

et al. 2022

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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Evidence for the validity and reliability of the World Health Organization’s 10-item vaccine hesitancy scale (VHS) in different settings is not sufficient, especially for criteria validity. This study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of the VHS using child vaccination data in China. A cross-sectional survey was performed with parents of 19–48-month-old children at six vaccination clinics in Wuxi City between September and October 2020. The VHS was revised to category A (expanded program on immunization, EPI) VHS and category B (Non-EPI) VHS. Factor analysis was used to confirm the latent domain and to assess the model structure. The average variance extracted (AVE) was calculated to assess convergent validity, and Cronbach’s α and composite reliability (CR) were used to determine internal consistency. The association between VHS scores and children’s vaccination status was examined to assess criteria validity using logistic regression. The survey response rate was 75.3% (n = 802). Two factors were identified, explaining 64.60% and 63.34% of the common variance in categories A and B VHS, respectively. The Cronbach’s α of > 0.7 and CR of >0.7 in the scale indicated the VHS has acceptable internal consistency. The AVE values indicated that convergent validity was not ideal for the VHS. There were no statistically significant associations between VHS scores and vaccination status, indicating that the criterion validity was not ideal. The VHS needs improvement before becoming a standard survey tool.

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Resources for assessing parents’ vaccine hesitancy: a systematic review of the literature

Cited by 25 publications

References 334 publications

Pro-vaccination Groups Expressing Hesitant Attitudes: A Cross-Sectional Study About the Difference Between Attitudes and Actual Behavior in Israel

Pro-vaccination Groups Expressing Hesitant Attitudes: A Cross-Sectional Study About the Difference Between Attitudes and Actual Behavior in Israel

Changes in attitudes to vaccination as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal study of older adults in the UK

Validation of the World Health Organization’s parental vaccine hesitancy scale in China using child vaccination data

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