Respiratory allergies in childhood: Recent advances and future challenges

Abstract

The burden of allergic airway diseases still represents a major health problem in childhood. Despite many different options are currently available for the diagnostic work-up and management, the overall disease control in terms of impact on quality of life, morbidity and mortality, is not yet satisfactory. The extreme variability of individual risk factors and severity determinants may account for it. On the other side, the knowledge of the multifaceted allergy background could pave the way to primary prevention, early intervention and disease course modification. In fact, most of current research is focusing on the identification of biological and clinical predictive markers of allergy and asthma onset. This review aims at summarizing the latest achievements concerning the complex inter-relation between genetic predisposition and environmental factors, and their impact on prevention strategies and early identification of at risk subjects. An update on the diagnostic and monitoring tools as well as an insight into the newest treatments options is also provided.

Cinnamaldehyde derivatives inhibit degranulation and inflammatory mediator production in rat basophilic leukemia cells

“…Inflammation is the essential part of immune response against pathogens in normal condition. However, excessive inflammation can lead to the onset of inflammatory disease such as atopic dermatitis and asthma [1,3,4,53]. Although further study will be required to investigate the inhibitory effects of 4-chloro-cinnamaldehyde and 4-trifluoro-cinnamaldehyde in vivo, our results of attenuated level of inflammatory mediators clearly indicated that 4-chloro-cinnamaldehyde and 4-trifluoro-cinnamaldehyde may have potential as therapeutic agents against allergic diseases mediated by mast cells based on the mechanism of blocking MKKs-MAPKs signaling pathway.…”

“…The prevalence of allergic diseases, such as atopic dermatitis and asthma, has become an important health problem worldwide, causing poor quality of life in children and adults [1][2][3][4]. Therefore, it is important to identify new therapeutic agents with application in the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases.…”

Asthma and allergic rhinitis in childhood: what's new

“…The social and economic costs of AR and asthma are impressive, as these diseases heavily influence the patients’ social life, school performance, sleep quality, and psychosocial interactions . Recently, important advances have been reported in the field of respiratory atopic diseases in childhood . This review focuses on recent scientific progress concerning genetic and environmental risk factors, preventive strategies, newest diagnostic tools, and therapeutic opportunities.…”

Current Issues on Immunotherapy in Children

“…Looking for a better quality of life (QOL) and disease of overall morbidity and mortality rate seek further investigation on every single individual risk factor that can have even the smallest impact on the disease development. Searching for a new and more individualized treatment for allergic diseases most of current research is focusing on the identification of biological and clinical predictive markers of allergy and asthma onset [9].…”