Respiratory and circulatory effects of intravenous butorphanol and morphine

Abstract

The respiratory and circulatory effects and other side effect liability 0/ intravenous doses 0/30 and 60 f.Lg/kg butorphanol, 150 to 300 f.Lg/kg norphine, and a placebo were investigated in a crossover double-blind study.Butorphanol (L-N -eyclobutymethyl-3-14ßdihydroxymorphinan) is a synthetie morphinan derivative. Like pentazoeine, it is an agonistantagonist with relatively potent analgesie and weak antagonistie aetivity. In earlier elinieal pharmaeologieal studies its analgesie aetivity by weight was estimated to be about 5 to 7 times as great as that of morphine 2 , 4 and about 20 times as great as that of pentazoeine. 3 We eompared the respiratory and eireulatory effeets and the side effeet liabilities of intravenously administered 30 and 60 p.,g/kg (about 2 and 4 mg/70 kg) butorphanol and 150 and 300 p.,g/kg (about 10 and 20 mg/70 kg) morphine sulfate. MethodsThis investigation was earried out on 10 healthy male volunteers, age ranging from 26 to 38 yr (mean, 30.4). In a double-blind, 5-way, eomplete erossover experiment, eaeh subjeet Supported by a grant from Bristol Laboratories.

Hemodynamic and respiratory effects of morphine and butorphanol

“…The effect of B is certainly no less than that of M at this dose, but other workers have shown that B differs from M when larger doses are given. While respiratory depression is progressively more severe as larger doses of M are used, there seems to be no significant increase between the effects of doses of 30 and 60 J.Lg/kg of BY' 15 Nevertheless, although the effects we report are small they are of a degree which may be clinically important to patients with respiratory impairment.…”

Propofol Requirement during Propofol and Butorphanol Anesthesia with and without Nitrous Oxide in Short Duration Intracranial Surgeries: A Bispectral Index Guided Study

“…So our results cannot be extrapolated to longer duration intracranial surgeries. Second, we used butorphanol because of the advantages of butorphanol [3,4,[9][10][11][12]19,20] and problems associated during the use of newer opioids analgesics (fentanyl, remifentanil etc.) like need for frequent administration, limited availability, need for infusion system for their delivery, and their cost.…”

“…Butorphanol has also been reported to provide adequate analgesia when used as a supplement in balanced anesthetic technique [3] and at doses between 30-60 µg/kg butorphanol is reported to produce no or minimal cardiovascular changes [4]. Unfortunately, studies on exact dose requirement during propofol induction and maintenance anesthesia along with butorphanol with and without the use of N 2 O during craniotomies are lacking.…”

Définitions de la “dépression respiratoire” de l’analgésie postopératoire réalisée avec de la morphine intrathécale : une revue documentaire

“…Normally, the dominant control of ventilation is mediated through an increase in PaCO 2 , which strongly stimulates central chemoreceptors, 119 leading to increased ventilation. RD from morphine is characterized by a dose-related, naloxone-reversible depression of resting minute ventilation (Ve) with proportional reduction of tidal volume (Vt), [120][121][122] decreased PaO 2 and pH, increased PaCO 2 , 121,123 and decreased ventilatory drive stimulated by hypercapnia and hypoxia. 124,125 In volunteers, ITM caused a dose-related depression of medullary respiratory centre sensitivity to ventilatory stimulus.…”