Respiratory function monitoring using a real-time three-dimensional fiber-optic shaping sensing scheme based upon fiber Bragg gratings

Abstract

Abstract. An array of in-line curvature sensors on a garment is used to monitor the thoracic and abdominal movements of a human during respiration. The results are used to obtain volumetric changes of the human torso in agreement with a spirometer used simultaneously at the mouth. The array of 40 in-line fiber Bragg gratings is used to produce 20 curvature sensors at different locations, each sensor consisting of two fiber Bragg gratings. The 20 curvature sensors and adjoining fiber are encapsulated into a low-temperature-cured synthetic silicone. The sensors are wavelength interrogated by a commercially available system from Moog Insensys, and the wavelength changes are calibrated to recover curvature. A three-dimensional algorithm is used to generate shape changes during respiration that allow the measurement of absolute volume changes at various sections of the torso. It is shown that the sensing scheme yields a volumetric error of 6%. Comparing the volume data obtained from the spirometer with the volume estimated with the synchronous data from the shape-sensing array yielded a correlation value 0.86 with a Pearson's correlation coefficient p < 0.01.

Fiber Bragg grating-based sensor for monitoring respiration and heart activity during magnetic resonance imaging examinations

“…39. The sensor system is distinguished by a high accuracy but is complex, and the authors aimed at advanced measurements of three-dimensional volumetric changes of the human torso rather than common RR monitoring.…”

“…Similar techniques for breath detection have been demonstrated by other groups, but their sensors are embedded into special textile belts or vests to be fixed to the monitored person's body. [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39] The sensor proposed in this paper is configured for measurements that do not require any special wearable textiles, thereby avoiding the need to carry out processes for preparing the patient for monitoring. The solution closest to the proposed sensor is one comprising a 12-element FBG array embedded into a bed, 40 although only laboratory trials evaluating the RR detection have been carried out so far.…”

Cardiac induced localised motion of the human torso detected by a long period grating fibre optic sensing scheme

“…Over approximately the last 15 years there has been a rapid increase in both the types of fibre optical sensors and the range of applications 3,4 , with increasing interest in medical applications 5,6 . Cardiorespiratory measurement was an early application of these types of sensors and continues to be an active field of research 7,8 . The main interest in these sensors is related to their potential low cost of production, ease of handling, potential for ambulatory application, small size and relatively low skill requirements for operation.…”

Fiber-optic sensors for monitoring patient physiological parameters: a review of applicable technologies and relevance to use during magnetic resonance imaging procedures

“…In both cases, FBGs can be embedded in the clothing worn by the patient during monitoring [97][98][99][100][101][102][103][104][105][106][115][116][117][118][119][120][121][122] or mounted in the bed on which the person lies, as shown in Fig. 19.…”

“…The literature provides a number of descriptions in which a single FBG [115][116][117][118] or multiple FBGs [97][98][99][100][101][102][103][104][105][106]114,[119][120][121][122][123] act as the main sensing elements for acquiring body movements caused by respiratory and/or heart function. In both cases, FBGs can be embedded in the clothing worn by the patient during monitoring [97][98][99][100][101][102][103][104][105][106][115][116][117][118][119][120][121][122] or mounted in the bed on which the person lies, as shown in Fig.…”