[Purpose] The purpose of the present study was to determine whether there was a
correlation between basic physical fitness and pulmonary function in Korean school
students, to present an alternative method for improving their pulmonary function.
[Subjects and Methods] Two hundred forty healthy students aged 6–17 years performed
physical fitness tests of hand-grip strength, sit and reach, Sargent jump, single leg
stance, and pulmonary function tests of forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory
volume in one second (FEV1) using a Quark PFT. [Results] Muscle strength and power of boys
improved in the late period of elementary school and middle school. Muscle strength of
girls improved in the late period of elementary school. Analysis of factors affecting
pulmonary function revealed that height, weight, BMI, and body fat significantly
correlated with spirometric parameters. Right hand-grip strength, left hand-grip strength,
and Sargent jump also significantly correlated with FVC and FEV1. [Conclusion] In order to
improve the pulmonary function of children and adolescents, aerobic exercise and an
exercise program to increase muscle strength and power is needed, and it should start in
the late period of elementary school when muscle strength and power are rapidly
increasing.