Respiratory Mechanics and Plasma Levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha and Interleukin 6 Are Affected by Gas Humidification during Mechanical Ventilation in Dogs

Hernández-Jiménez, Claudia; García-Torrentera, Rogelio; Olmos-Zuñiga, J. Raúl; Jasso-Victoria, Rogelio; Gaxiola-Gaxiola, Miguel; Baltazares-Lipp, Matilde; Gutiérrez‐González, Luis H.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0101952

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…IL-6 and IL-10 were determined using immunoassay kits (USCN Life Science Inc., Houston, USA) according to the manufacturer’s instructions [ 12 , 13 ]. The absorbance was measured on a microtiter plate reader (ELx800, BioTek Instruments, USA) at 450 nm using 630 nm as reference.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum IL-6 and IL-10 concentrations in bitches with pyometra undergoing ovariohysterectomy

et al. 2015

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BackgroundPyometra is a serious bacterial infection of the uterus affecting female dogs and manifests as an accumulation of pus in the uterine lumen. The aim of the study was to assess changes in serum interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10 concentrations in bitches with pyometra undergoing ovariohysterectomy.FindingsBlood samples were collected from healthy bitches (controls) and bitches with pyometra before surgery, and 3 and 10 days after ovariohysterectomy. Before surgery, bitches with pyometra had significantly higher serum concentrations of IL-6 and IL-10 than the controls. After surgery, the serum concentration of IL-6 and IL-10 decreased significantly. In healthy dogs, the concentration of IL-6 and IL-10 showed a significant increase 3 days after surgery followed by a decrease on day 10.ConclusionAn increase in serum concentrations of IL-6 and IL-10 was present before surgery in bitches with pyometra and 3 days after ovariohysterectomy in healthy controls. Concentrations decreased after ovariohysterectomy and/or proper healing, suggesting that these cytokines can be useful for assessment of the postoperative period in bitches.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum IL-6 and IL-10 concentrations in bitches with pyometra undergoing ovariohysterectomy

et al. 2015

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“…In humans, the alveolar membrane is a dead-ended structure reached only by isothermal (100% relative humidity and 44 mg/l H 2 O absolute humidity) and body-warm (37 °C) air. Thus, the respiratory support respecting this condition the most should be associated with increased comfort and, potentially, with decreased unphysiologic mechanisms (e.g., inflammation, reduced immunity, altered airway patency) [ 18 – 23 ]. The HFNC, unlike cool and anhydrous conventional oxygen therapy, can deliver to the alveoli an air–oxygen moisturized and heated blend.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of flow and temperature on patient comfort during respiratory support by high-flow nasal cannula

et al. 2018

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BackgroundThe high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) delivers up to 60 l/min of humidified air/oxygen blend at a temperature close to that of the human body. In this study, we tested whether higher temperature and flow decrease patient comfort. In more severe patients, instead, we hypothesized that higher flow might be associated with improved comfort.MethodsA prospective, randomized, cross-over study was performed on 40 acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF) patients (PaO2/FiO2 ≤ 300 + pulmonary infiltrates + exclusion of cardiogenic edema) supported by HFNC. The primary outcome was the assessment of patient comfort during HFNC delivery at increasing flow and temperature. Two flows (30 and 60 l/min), each combined with two temperatures (31 and 37 °C), were randomly applied for 20 min (four steps per patient), leaving clinical FiO2 unchanged. Toward the end of each step, the following were recorded: comfort by Visual Numerical Scale ranging between 1 (extreme discomfort) and 5 (very comfortable), together with respiratory parameters. A subgroup of more severe patients was defined by clinical FiO2 ≥ 45%.ResultsPatient comfort was reported as significantly higher during steps at the lower temperature (31 °C) in comparison to 37 °C, with the HFNC set at both 30 and 60 l/min (p < 0.0001). Higher flow, however, was not associated with poorer comfort.In the subgroup of patients with clinical FiO2 ≥ 45%, both lower temperature (31 °C) and higher HFNC flow (60 l/min) led to higher comfort (p < 0.01).ConclusionsHFNC temperature seems to significantly impact the comfort of AHRF patients: for equal flow, lower temperature could be more comfortable. Higher flow does not decrease patient comfort; at variance, it improves comfort in the more severely hypoxemic patient.

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“…These complications may lead to hypothermia, hypoxemia, atelectasis and lung inflammation. ( 20 - 22 ) Therefore, during invasive mechanical ventilation external humidifiers are needed to compensate for the lack of natural heating and humidification mechanisms when the upper airway is bypassed. ( 23 , 24 ) Ventilators development teams should consider the types of humidification and heating devices to be used.…”

Section: The Challenge For the Developersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges for the development of alternative low-cost ventilators during COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil

Suzumura

Zazula

Moriya

et al. 2020

Revista Brasileira De Terapia Intensiva

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The COVID-19 pandemic has brought concerns to managers, healthcare professionals, and the general population related to the potential mechanical ventilators’ shortage for severely ill patients. In Brazil, there are several initiatives aimed at producing alternative ventilators to cover this gap. To assist the teams that work in these initiatives, we provide a discussion of some basic concepts on physiology and respiratory mechanics, commonly used mechanical ventilation terms, the differences between triggering and cycling, the basic ventilation modes and other relevant aspects, such as mechanisms of ventilator-induced lung injury, respiratory drive, airway heating and humidification, cross-contamination risks, and aerosol dissemination. After the prototype development phase, preclinical bench-tests and animal model trials are needed to determine the safety and performance of the ventilator, following the minimum technical requirements. Next, it is mandatory going through the regulatory procedures as required by the Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency ( Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária - ANVISA). The manufacturing company should be appropriately registered by ANVISA, which also must be notified about the conduction of clinical trials, following the research protocol approval by the Research Ethics Committee. The registration requisition of the ventilator with ANVISA should include a dossier containing the information described in this paper, which is not intended to cover all related matters but to provide guidance on the required procedures.

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Respiratory Mechanics and Plasma Levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha and Interleukin 6 Are Affected by Gas Humidification during Mechanical Ventilation in Dogs

Cited by 5 publications

References 31 publications

Serum IL-6 and IL-10 concentrations in bitches with pyometra undergoing ovariohysterectomy

Serum IL-6 and IL-10 concentrations in bitches with pyometra undergoing ovariohysterectomy

Impact of flow and temperature on patient comfort during respiratory support by high-flow nasal cannula

Challenges for the development of alternative low-cost ventilators during COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil

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