Respiratory motion in positron emission tomography for oncology applications: Problems and solutions

Evaluation of the Respiratory Motion Effect in Small Animal PET Images with GATE Monte Carlo Simulations

“…As discussed before, respiratory motion leads to reduced contrast and quantitative accuracy in terms of recovered contrast activity concentration and functional volumes. Several methodologies proposed for reducing the effects of respiratory motion have been based on the development of respiratory-gated acquisitions (Visvikis et al, 2006;Nehmeh et al, 2002;Dawood et al, 2006;Detorie & Dahlbom, 2006;Lamare et al, 2007a;Dawood et al, 2008;Bettinardi, 2009;Lamare et al, 2007b;Detorie & Dahlbom, 2008). However, in general, 4D PET images have low counting statistics and high image noise compared to static 3D PET images.…”

Attenuation Correction Strategies for Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography and 4-Dimensional Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography

“…[66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75] One approach to improve registration between the CT and the PET data is to bring the temporal resolution of the CT images to that of the PET data. 42 Recognizing the fact that PET is averaged over many breath cycles, a CT image averaged over 1 breath cycle should improve registration between the CT and the PET data.…”

A flexible approach to motion correction in nuclear medicine

“…There has been anecdotal data published [1] as well data gathered within our own institution that suggests respiratory motion is a rather more complex process. We have observed subjects that tend to breath in a more shallow manner at the end of a study, compared to the, often, more erratic respiratory amplitude and phase at the beginning of a scan, where accurate motion correction is needed most.…”