Respiratory phase and visual signal detection

Flexman, Jerry E.; Demaree, Robert G.; Simpson, D. Dwayne

doi:10.3758/bf03203952

Cited by 29 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…Second, the differential occurrence of cardiac deceleration may have important implications for the Laceys' (1974) theory of sensorimotorcardiac interactions. Indeed, several experiments have reported differences in perceptual sensitivity as a function of respiratory phase, which would be in accordance with the Laceys' model (Flexman, Demaree, & Simpson, 1974;Diekhoff, 1977). Unfortunately, there is little empirical evidence to support the notion of vagal gating.…”

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confidence: 80%

Effects of stimulus position in the respiratory cycle on the evoked cardiac response

Turpin¹,

Sartory²

1980

Psychobiology

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The present experiment investigated the effects of stimulus position within the respiratory cycle on the evoked cardiac response (ECR). Two independent groups of subjects (N=14) received six presentations of a 75-dB tone of 1 sec duration and instantaneous rise time. The mean interstimulus interval was 45 sec. In one group, stimuli were presented at midinspiration, whereas in the other group stimuli were delivered during midexpiration. Heart rate (HR), skin conductance responses (SCR), and respiration were measured. Stimuli presented during midinspiration produced cardiac acceleration, whereas stimuli presented during midexpiration resulted in deceleration. These differences were substantially reduced following correction for respiratory sinus arrhythmia. The corrected ECR consisted solely of cardiac deceleration in both groups. Deceleration was largest in the inspiration group. No differences in SCRs were found. These results are discussed in terms of the "vagal gating" hypothesis.

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confidence: 80%

Effects of stimulus position in the respiratory cycle on the evoked cardiac response

Turpin¹,

Sartory²

1980

Psychobiology

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“…However, interactions between respiration and non-respiratory functions have been documented in humans and rodents. In humans, for example, phase-locking with respiration has been observed for visual signal detection (Flexman et al, 1974) eye movements (Rittweger and Pöpel, 1998; Rassler and Raabe, 2003), the temporal grouping of pianistic finger movements (Ebert et al, 2002), reaction time to visual (Li et al, 2012) and auditory (Gallego et al, 1991) stimuli, and grip-force (Li and Laskin, 2006). Rassler et al (1996) reported that response latency, tracking-precision and movement duration of finger movements made to track a visual target showed significant respiratory-phase-dependent differences and that the respiratory-phase-dependence differed between finger flexion and extension movements (Rassler, 2000).…”

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confidence: 99%

Breathing as a Fundamental Rhythm of Brain Function

Heck

McAfee

Liu

et al. 2017

Front. Neural Circuits

184

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Ongoing fluctuations of neuronal activity have long been considered intrinsic noise that introduces unavoidable and unwanted variability into neuronal processing, which the brain eliminates by averaging across population activity (Georgopoulos et al., 1986; Lee et al., 1988; Shadlen and Newsome, 1994; Maynard et al., 1999). It is now understood, that the seemingly random fluctuations of cortical activity form highly structured patterns, including oscillations at various frequencies, that modulate evoked neuronal responses (Arieli et al., 1996; Poulet and Petersen, 2008; He, 2013) and affect sensory perception (Linkenkaer-Hansen et al., 2004; Boly et al., 2007; Sadaghiani et al., 2009; Vinnik et al., 2012; Palva et al., 2013). Ongoing cortical activity is driven by proprioceptive and interoceptive inputs. In addition, it is partially intrinsically generated in which case it may be related to mental processes (Fox and Raichle, 2007; Deco et al., 2011). Here we argue that respiration, via multiple sensory pathways, contributes a rhythmic component to the ongoing cortical activity. We suggest that this rhythmic activity modulates the temporal organization of cortical neurodynamics, thereby linking higher cortical functions to the process of breathing.

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“…In line with this hypothesis, some studies have reported faster reaction times during inspiration [36 -39]. In contrast, others have reported faster reaction times [40,41], increased signal detection [42] and higher visual event-related potentials during expiration [43]. In anaesthetized cats, discharges in limb and lower intercostal nerves as indicators for startle responses have been shown to be lower during inspiration than during expiration [44].…”

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confidence: 90%

Respiratory modulation of startle eye blink: a new approach to assess afferent signals from the respiratory system

Schulz

Schilling

Vögele

et al. 2016

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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One contribution of 16 to a theme issue 'Interoception beyond homeostasis: affect, cognition and mental health'. Current approaches to assess interoception of respiratory functions cannot differentiate between the physiological basis of interoception, i.e. visceralafferent signal processing, and the psychological process of attention focusing. Furthermore, they typically involve invasive procedures, e.g. induction of respiratory occlusions or the inhalation of CO 2 -enriched air. The aim of this study was to test the capacity of startle methodology to reflect respiratoryrelated afferent signal processing, independent of invasive procedures. Forty-two healthy participants were tested in a spontaneous breathing and in a 0.25 Hz paced breathing condition. Acoustic startle noises of 105 dB(A) intensity (50 ms white noise) were presented with identical trial frequency at peak and on-going inspiration and expiration, based on a new pattern detection method, involving the online processing of the respiratory belt signal. The results show the highest startle magnitudes during on-going expiration compared with any other measurement points during the respiratory cycle, independent of whether breathing was spontaneous or paced. Afferent signals from slow adapting phasic pulmonary stretch receptors may be responsible for this effect. This study is the first to demonstrate startle modulation by respiration. These results offer the potential to apply startle methodology in the non-invasive testing of interoception-related aspects in respiratory psychophysiology.This article is part of the themed issue 'Interoception beyond homeostasis: affect, cognition and mental health'.

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Respiratory phase and visual signal detection

Cited by 29 publications

References 1 publication

Effects of stimulus position in the respiratory cycle on the evoked cardiac response

Effects of stimulus position in the respiratory cycle on the evoked cardiac response

Breathing as a Fundamental Rhythm of Brain Function

Respiratory modulation of startle eye blink: a new approach to assess afferent signals from the respiratory system

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