Respiratory Physiology

Godoy, Jesús Armando Sánchez

doi:10.1007/978-1-84996-308-4_2

Principles of Pulmonary Protection in Heart Surgery 2010

DOI: 10.1007/978-1-84996-308-4_2

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Respiratory Physiology

Jesús Armando Sánchez Godoy¹

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2017

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“…The ODC is mathematically derived from the Hill's equation, with a P50 of 26.8 mmHg and the Hill coefficient of 1.3922 ϫ 10 Ϫ4 mmHg -2.7(6). The depicted values of alveolar oxygen partial pressure in Amhara and Oromo are estimated based on the assumption of 47 mmHg water vapor pressure, 40 mmHg arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide, and 0.8 respiratory exchange ratio(24).…”

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confidence: 99%

Alternative hematological and vascular adaptive responses to high-altitude hypoxia in East African highlanders

Cheong

Janocha

Monocello

et al. 2017

American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Phys

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Elevation of hemoglobin concentration, a common adaptive response to high-altitude hypoxia, occurs among Oromo but is dampened among Amhara highlanders of East Africa. We hypothesized that Amhara highlanders offset their smaller hemoglobin response with a vascular response. We tested this by comparing Amhara and Oromo highlanders at 3,700 and 4,000 m to their lowland counterparts at 1,200 and 1,700 m. To evaluate vascular responses, we assessed urinary levels of nitrate (NO) as a readout of production of the vasodilator nitric oxide and its downstream signal transducer cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), along with diastolic blood pressure as an indicator of vasomotor tone. To evaluate hematological responses, we measured hemoglobin and percent oxygen saturation of hemoglobin. Amhara highlanders, but not Oromo, had higher NO and cGMP compared with their lowland counterparts. NO directly correlated with cGMP (Amhara R = 0.25, P < 0.0001; Oromo R = 0.30, P < 0.0001). Consistent with higher levels of NO and cGMP, diastolic blood pressure was lower in Amhara highlanders. Both highland samples had apparent left shift in oxyhemoglobin saturation characteristics and maintained total oxyhemoglobin content similar to their lowland counterparts. However, deoxyhemoglobin levels were significantly higher, much more so among Oromo than Amhara. In conclusion, the Amhara balance minimally elevated hemoglobin with vasodilatory response to environmental hypoxia, whereas Oromo rely mainly on elevated hemoglobin response. These results point to different combinations of adaptive responses in genetically similar East African highlanders.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative hematological and vascular adaptive responses to high-altitude hypoxia in East African highlanders

Cheong

Janocha

Monocello

et al. 2017

American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Phys

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Respiratory Physiology

Cited by 1 publication

References 34 publications

Alternative hematological and vascular adaptive responses to high-altitude hypoxia in East African highlanders

Alternative hematological and vascular adaptive responses to high-altitude hypoxia in East African highlanders

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