Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia Change during Trauma-Focused Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy: Results from a Randomized Controlled Feasibility Trial

Shenk, Chad E.; Allen, Brian; Dreschel, Nancy A.; Wang, Ming; Felt, John M.; Brown, Michelle P; Bucher, Ashley; Chen, Michelle J.; Olson, Anneke E.

doi:10.1007/s10802-022-00946-w

Cited by 4 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…The studies were published between 2017 and 2023 and the majority were conducted in Europe [96,97,98,99,100] and the USA [101,102,103,104]. Most of the studies were pilot or feasibility studies, without randomization [96,97,98,99,100,102].…”

Section: Characteristics Of the Studies Included In The Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sample size of the studies varied between 5 and 71 participants. Two studies each treated children and adolescents with an autism spectrum disorder [98,104], an anxiety disorder [97,102] and a post-traumatic stress disorder [101,103]. One study each described the treatment of children and adolescents with anorexia nervosa [96], borderline personality disorder [100] and obsessive-compulsive disorder [99].…”

Section: Study Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the psychotherapy sessions, ECG sensors [97,98,102,103] were predominantly used to measure HR and HRV in patients or therapists, EDA skin sensors [102] to measure electrodermal activity, movement sensors [100] to measure movement synchrony or to recognize movement patterns, and VR and eye-tracking glasses [96] to identify gaze patterns or to train attentional focusing [105]. In one study each, a multimodal sensor set consisting of various sensors (ECG, eye-tracking glasses, motion sensors) [99] was used to measure and recognize stress reactions and an AI Google Glass [104] was used to train emotion recognition.…”

Section: Sensors Used/aim/outcomementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In their randomized clinical trial, Shenk et al [103] reported on the change in respiratory sinus arrhythmia, measured with an ECG sensor in a 12-hour CBT treatment of adolescents (M Age = 11.79 years, SD = 3.08) with a PTSD diagnosis. The study investigated the effect of animal-assisted therapy as an add-on treatment to CBT compared to standard CBT and compared the effects on the adolescent patients' RSA.…”

Section: Sensors Used/aim/outcomementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results of the quality assessment of the ten studies included in this systematic review with regard to risk of bias are shown in Figure 2. Overall, the RCTs [101,103,104] were evaluated as having a low to medium risk of bias. Subjects were selected in all studies using predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria [101,103,104].…”

Section: Assessment Of Risk Of Bias In the Studies Included In The Re...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Psychotherapy 2.0 - Application Context and Effectiveness of Sensor Technology in Psychotherapy with Children and Adolescents: a Systematic Review (Preprint)

Alt,

Pascher,

Seizer

et al. 2024

Preprint

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BACKGROUND E-mental health applications have been increasingly used in the psychotherapeutic care of patients for several years. State-of-the-art sensor technology could be used to determine digital biomarkers for the diagnosis of mental disorders. OBJECTIVE Furthermore, by integrating sensors into treatment, relevant contextual information (e.g. field of gaze, stress levels) could be made transparent and improve the treatment of people with mental disorders. An overview over studies on this approach would be useful to provide information about the current status quo. METHODS A systematic review of the use of sensor technology in psychotherapy for children and adolescents was conducted with the aim of investigating the use and effectiveness of sensory technology in psychotherapy treatment. Five databases were searched for studies ranging from 2000 to 2023. The study was registered by PROSPERO (CRD42023374219), conducted according to Cochrane recommendations and used the PRISMA reporting guideline. RESULTS Of the 38.560 hits in the search, only 11 publications met the inclusion criteria, including 3 RCTs, 7 pilot studies and a pre-registered study with a total of 257 subjects. The study population consisted of children and adolescents aged 6 to 19 years with mental disorders such as OCD, anxiety disorders, PTSD, anorexia nervosa and autism. The psychotherapy methods investigated were mostly cognitive behavioral therapy (face-to-face contact) with the treatment method of exposure for various disorders. In most cases, ECG, EDA, eye-tracking and movement sensors were used to measure vital parameters. The heterogeneous studies illustrate a variety of potential useful applications of sensor technology in psychotherapy for adolescents. In some cases, the feasibility of the sensor-based therapy approach has been proven. CONCLUSIONS Sensors might enrich psychotherapy in different application contexts. However, so far there is still a lack of further randomized controlled clinical studies that provide reliable findings on the effectiveness of sensory therapy in psychotherapy for children and adolescents. This could stimulate the embedding of such technologies into psychotherapeutic process. CLINICALTRIAL https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023374219, identifier [CRD42023374219].

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