Respiratory sinus arrhythmia in new‐born infants.

Hathorn, M.

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1987.sp016480

Cited by 38 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In adults this is seen as an increase in heart rate during inspiration and a decrease during expiration. This respiratory-coupled change in heart rate may be intrinsic to the cardiorespiratory system re¯ecting input to the medulla from lung, atrium, or aortic stretch receptors, or extrinsic neurological coupling of medullary respiratory and vagal medullary motor neurons (Hawthorn, 1987;Spyer, 1991). The relative contribution of these various mechanisms has not been studied during early human development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maturational changes in heart rate and heart rate variability in low birth weight infants

et al. 2000

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maturational changes in heart rate and heart rate variability in low birth weight infants

et al. 2000

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Automated analyses of and heart rate variability have been described in healthy digitally acquired cardiorespiratory signals can also help full-term newborns (21,22). Studies of cardiac interbeat differentiate respiratory and heart rate control by the variability not only increase one's understanding of the CNS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiorespiratory Behavior during Sleep in Full-Term and Preterm Neonates at Comparable Postconceptional Term Ages

et al. 1994

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cardiorespiratory behavior during sleep has been investigated by comparing visually analyzed minutes of EEG sleep with the digitized values of these two physiologic variables for each corresponding minute. Continuous 3-h nighttime sleep studies on 37 full-term and preterm neonates at comparable postconceptional term ages were acquired under controlled conditions, using a 24-channel computerized monitoring system and an automated eventmarker program. Five thousand, two hundred ninety-four minutes were assigned an EEG state by traditional criteria. Eighteen preterm infants were compared with 19 full-term infants with respect to six cardiac and six respiratory measures: two nonspectral calculations (i.e. average per minute and variance of the means) and four spectral calculations of the cardiorespiratory signal (i.e. bandwidth, spectral edge, mean frequency, and ratio of harmonics). The relative capabilities of these measures to predict a sleep state change were investigated using discriminant analysis. A stepwise selection algorithm in discriminant analysis was used to identify the order of significance for the remaining variables. Eight cardiorespiratory measures were then submitted to multivariate analysis of variance to assess sleep state or preterm-full-term differences: mean frequency, bandwidth, average per minute, and ratio of harmonics for cardiac signals; and spectral edge, mean frequency, logarithm of variance, and ratio of harmonics for respiratory signals. Differences among the sleep states and between neonatal groups were highly significant ( p < 0.0001). Interaction between sleep state and neonatal group was also significant ( p < 0.034). Two variables differentiated preterm from full-term respiratory behavior: ratio ( p I 0.001) and mean frequency ( p 5 0.02). Three variables demonstrated differences between preterm and full-term cardiac behavior: average heart rate per minute ( p I 0.001), ratio ( p I 0.05), and bandwidth ( p I 0.08). Notably, the lowest values for most spectral measures were noted during tract5 alternant quiet sleep compared with the three other segments of the ultradian sleep cycle. Our findings demonstrate sleep state-specific differences in cardiorespiratory behavior in neonates regardless of prematurity. Differences between preterm and full-term infants reflect altered functional development of the brain because of adaptation to prematurity, an extrauterine experience, or both and may contribute to a model of physiologic vulnerability of certain infants for sudden infant death syndrome. (Pediatr Res 36: 738-744, 1994) Abbreviations SIDS, sudden infant death syndrome EEG sleep organization, in general, is comparable for have been described between full-term and preterm inall newborns at postconceptional term ages regardless of fants in cardiorespiratory behavior, rapid eye moveprematurity at birth (1, 2). However, differences also ments, spectral content, and state organization (3-11).W e have reported differences between full-term and Received April 16, 1993; accepted May 18, ...

show abstract

“…It is well established in many species (including neonatal 4 and adult 5,6 humans, baboons, 7 dogs, 26 seals, 9 and rabbits 8 ) that the heart rate increases during inspiration and decreases during expiration. This RSA improves the efficiency of pulmonary gas exchange by better matching ventilation and pulmonary blood flow.…”

Section: Rsa Pattern In Ratsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This respiratory-related change in heart rate, respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), helps to match pulmonary blood flow to lung inflation and to maintain an appropriate diffusion gradient for oxygen in the lungs. [1][2][3] RSA has been observed in neonatal 4 and adult 5,6 humans, baboons, 7 dogs, 1 rabbits, 8 and seals 9 but has not been well characterized in rats.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia

Neff

Wang

Baxi

et al. 2003

Circulation Research

110

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract-The heart rate increases during inspiration and decreases during expiration. This respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) occurs by modulation of premotor cardioinhibitory parasympathetic neuron (CPN) activity. However, RSA has not been fully characterized in rats, and despite the critical role of CPNs in the generation of RSA, little is known about the mechanisms that mediate this cardiorespiratory interaction. This study demonstrates that RSA in conscious rats is similar to that in other species. The mechanism of RSA was then examined in vitro. Rhythmic inspiratory-related activity was recorded from the hypoglossal rootlet of 700-to 800-m medullary sections. CPNs were identified by retrograde fluorescent labeling, and neurotransmission to CPNs was examined using patch-clamp electrophysiological techniques. During inspiratory bursts, the frequency of both spontaneous ␥-aminobutyric acidergic (GABAergic) and spontaneous glycinergic synaptic events in CPNs was significantly increased. Focal application of the nicotinic antagonist dihydro-␤-erythroidine in an ␣ 4 ␤ 2 -selective concentration (3 mol/L) abolished the respiratory-evoked increase in GABAergic frequency. In contrast, the increase in glycinergic frequency during inspiration was not altered by nicotinic antagonists. Prenatal nicotine exposure exaggerated the increase in GABAergic frequency during inspiration and enhanced GABAergic synaptic amplitude both between and during inspiratory events. Glycinergic synaptic frequency and amplitude were unchanged by prenatal nicotine exposure. This study establishes a neurochemical link between neurons essential for respiration and CPNs, reveals a functional role for endogenous acetylcholine release and the activation of nicotinic receptors in the generation of RSA, and demonstrates that this cardiorespiratory interaction is exaggerated in rats prenatally exposed to nicotine. Key Words: nucleus ambiguus Ⅲ vagal activity Ⅲ respiratory sinus arrhythmia Ⅲ prenatal nicotine Ⅲ sudden infant death syndrome T he heart rate increases during inspiration and decreases during the post-inspiration/expiration period. This respiratory-related change in heart rate, respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), helps to match pulmonary blood flow to lung inflation and to maintain an appropriate diffusion gradient for oxygen in the lungs.

show abstract

Respiratory sinus arrhythmia in new‐born infants.

Cited by 38 publications

References 20 publications

Maturational changes in heart rate and heart rate variability in low birth weight infants

Maturational changes in heart rate and heart rate variability in low birth weight infants

Cardiorespiratory Behavior during Sleep in Full-Term and Preterm Neonates at Comparable Postconceptional Term Ages

Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About