Respiratory syncytial virus contributes to more severe respiratory morbidity than influenza in children &lt; 2 years during seasonal influenza peaks

Amini, Rachid; Gilca, Rodica; Boucher, François D.; Charest, Hugues; Serres, Gaston De

doi:10.1007/s15010-019-01287-5

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Highest rates were detected in young ones and in those born before or at the beginning of the RSV season. Previous studies also reported the same findings 6,20,25–29 . RSV‐associated hospitalization risk in infants born at the end of RSV season (January to March) appeared to be lower than the ones born between August and September.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Role of age and birth month in infants hospitalized with RSV‐confirmed disease in the Valencia Region, Spain

Mira‐Iglesias

Demont

López‐Labrador

et al. 2021

Influenza Resp Viruses

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Background RSV is the leading cause of hospital admissions in infants and the principal cause of bronchiolitis in young children. There is a lack of granular data on RSV‐associated hospitalization per season using laboratory confirmed results. Our current study addresses this issue and intends to fill this gap. Methods The study was conducted from 2014 through 2018, in 4 to 10 hospitals in the Valencia Region, Spain. Infants included in this study were admitted in hospital through the Emergency Department with a respiratory complaint and tested by RT‐PCR for RSV in a central laboratory. Results Incidence rates of RSV‐associated hospitalization varied by season and hospital. Overall, the highest incidence rates were observed in 2017/2018. RSV‐associated hospitalization was highest in infants below 3 months of age and in those born before or at the beginning of the RSV season. Almost 54% of total infants hospitalized with laboratory confirmed RSV were found to be born outside the season, from April to October. The RSV positivity rate by ICD‐10 discharged codes varied by season and age with results from 48% to 57% among LRI (J09‐J22). Conclusion The study was instrumental in bringing forth the time unpredictability of RSV epidemics, the critical impact of age, and the comparable distribution of RSV‐associated hospitalization in infants born on either side of the RSV season. These data could help in better characterization of the population that drives the healthcare burden and is crucial for the development of future immunization strategies, especially with upcoming vaccines in against RSV.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Role of age and birth month in infants hospitalized with RSV‐confirmed disease in the Valencia Region, Spain

Mira‐Iglesias

Demont

López‐Labrador

et al. 2021

Influenza Resp Viruses

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“…Even multicenter studies find that in children under 6 months the prevalence is 50% and in children under 2 years of age 88%, a fact that corroborates the high burden of RSV in children < 2 years, especially in infants < 6 months [ 50 , 51 ]. The younger the age, the greater the risk of RSV infection, as corroborated by several authors, indicating a greater risk especially in children between 3 to 5 months [ 48 , 52 , 53 ], although other studies point out that RSV-associated hospitalizations reach their maximum peak in children under 3 months [ 54 ]. Other authors suggest a higher percentage of infection in children 0 to 12 months of age [ 45 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Children under 5 Years of Age in the WHO European Region: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Suleiman‐Martos

Caballero-Vázquez

Gómez‐Urquiza

et al. 2021

JPM

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A respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the major cause of respiratory tract infection in children under 5 years. However, RSV infection in the European Region of the World Health Organization has not been systematically reviewed. The aim was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with RSV in children under 5 years of age in European regions. A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed. CINAHL, Medline, LILACS, ProQuest, SciELO, and Scopus databases were consulted for studies published in the last 5 years, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis guidelines. The search equation was “respiratory syncytial virus AND (newborn OR infant OR child) AND (prevalence OR risk factors)”. Studies reporting the prevalence of RSV were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis. A total of 20 articles were included. The meta-analytic prevalence estimation of RSV, with a sample of n = 16,115 children, was 46% (95% CI 34–59%). The main risk factors were age, male gender, winter season, and environmental factors such as cold temperatures, higher relative humidity, high concentrations of benzene, exposure to tobacco, and living in urban areas. Robust age-specific estimates of RSV infection in healthy children should be promoted in order to determine the optimal age for immunization. In addition, it is necessary to analyse in greater depth the potentially predictive factors of RSV infection, to be included in prevention strategies.

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“…This is particularly relevant for children younger than 24 months of age, as severe courses of RSV infection are observed at this age. In fact, Amini et al showed that RSV infections were significantly more severe than Influenza infections in hospitalized children < 3 month [ 8 ]. In our tertiary care pediatric center, the rise in viral respiratory infections lead to an increase in hospitalizations due to viral pneumonia with RSV and Rhinovirus being the main triggers [ 9 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The rising of old foes: impact of lockdown periods on “non-SARS-CoV-2” viral respiratory and gastrointestinal infections

et al. 2022

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Background During COVID-19-related public health non-pharmaceutical prevention measures, such as social distancing, lockdown periods and use of face masks, a decrease in viral respiratory and gastroenterological infections was observed worldwide. Following discontinuation of preventative measures, a potential increase of respective infections outside of their usual seasons was a matter of concern. Method We aimed to illustrate annual distribution of confirmed viral infections between 2017 and 2021 based on 32,506 clinical samples in a German pediatric tertiary care center and to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the epidemiology of these infections in children. Results While a decrease in overall viral infections was observed during the first and second lockdown period, an extraordinary increase in the number of viral respiratory infections, predominantly caused by human Rhino-/Enterovirus and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), was observed after relaxation of preventive measures. Notably, Rhino-/Enterovirus infections increased 4-fold (2020 vs. 2019) and 16-fold (2021 vs. 2019). The occurrence of RSV was observed beginning from June to August 2021 and reached an all-time record with a 25- to 50-fold increase in numbers in September and October 2021 in relation to previous pre-pandemic years (2017–2019). In contrast, for non-respiratory viruses (i.e. Rota-/Norovirus), the effect on respective seasonal patterns was only minimal compared to previous years. Conclusion The observed increase in respiratory infections in children is worrying and is already causing hospitals to become overburdened. Enhanced vigilance will be key to face clinical challenges due to these epidemiological changes in viral disease patterns in the months to come.

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Respiratory syncytial virus contributes to more severe respiratory morbidity than influenza in children < 2 years during seasonal influenza peaks

Cited by 20 publications

References 17 publications

Role of age and birth month in infants hospitalized with RSV‐confirmed disease in the Valencia Region, Spain

Role of age and birth month in infants hospitalized with RSV‐confirmed disease in the Valencia Region, Spain

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Children under 5 Years of Age in the WHO European Region: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The rising of old foes: impact of lockdown periods on “non-SARS-CoV-2” viral respiratory and gastrointestinal infections

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