Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Patients with Congenital Heart Disease: A Contemporary Look at Epidemiology and Success of Preoperative Screening

Altman, Carolyn A.; Englund, J. A.; Demmler, Gail J.; Drescher, Kathy; Alexander, Mathew; Watrin, Carmen H.; Feltes, Timothy F.

doi:10.1007/s002460010103

Cited by 92 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…RSV infections typically cause mild illness, however severe disease can occur and is often associated with symptoms such as bronchiolitis and wheezing [6]. Populations at greatest risk to develop severe disease after RSV infection include premature infants [7], persons with congenital heart disease [8][9][10], immunocompromised individuals [11,12], and the elderly [11,13,14]. Clinical studies have indicated that children that are hospitalized due to RSV-induced disease exhibit an increased incidence of asthma later in life as compared to children that experience a mild or asymptomatic RSV infection (recently reviewed in [15]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overcoming T-Cell-Mediated Immunopathology to Achieve Safe Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccination

Castilow

Varga

2008

Future Virol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract disease in young children. Premature infants, immunocompromised individuals, and the elderly exhibit an increased risk for the development of severe disease after RSV infection. Currently, there is not a safe and effective RSV vaccine available, in part due to our incomplete understanding of how severe immunopathology was induced following RSV infection of children previously immunized with a formalin-inactivated RSV vaccine. Much of our current understanding of RSV vaccine-enhanced disease can be attributed to the establishment of multiple mouse models of RSV vaccination. Studies analyzing the RSV-specific immune response in mice have clearly demonstrated that both CD4 and CD8 memory T cells contribute to RSV-induced immunopathology. In this review we will focus our discussion on data generated from the mouse models of RSV immunization that have advanced our understanding of how virus-specific T cells mediate immunopathology and RSV vaccine-enhanced disease.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overcoming T-Cell-Mediated Immunopathology to Achieve Safe Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccination

Castilow

Varga

2008

Future Virol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This is attributed to transient immunological dysfunction following cardiopulmonary bypass and possible dilution of serum neutralising antibodies Preoperative screening for asymptomatic RSV infection has been suggested as a way to reduce this morbidity. 13 The epidemiological evidence linking severe RSV LRTI to CHD begs an explanation and also warrants attempts to prevent severe disease in those infants and children.…”

Section: Rsv Infection In Chdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory syncytial virus infection and congenital heart disease

Zachariah¹,

Simões

2008

Southern African Journal of Epidemiology and Infection

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…R espiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common cause of lower respiratory tract infection in early childhood and leads to hospitalization in up to 2% of Canadian children younger than two years of age each winter (1). Children with hemodynamically significant cardiac disease may develop respiratory or cardiac failure during RSV infection, and have prolonged hospital stay, need intensive care and have higher mortality rates than healthy infants (2); they may also have worse postoperative clinical outcomes after corrective cardiac surgery (3,4). Seasonal prophylaxis with a humanized mouse monoclonal anti-RSV antibody (palivizumab, Abbott Laboratories, Canada) (5), reduces RSV-related hospitalization rates in children with hemodynamically significant heart disease, and Canadian authorities recommended in 2003 that eligible children be considered for passive immunization during the winter (6,7).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing the delivery and use of a new monoclonal antibody in children with congenital heart disease: A successful provincial respiratory syncytial virus prophylaxis program

Warren

Langley

Thomas³

et al. 2007

Canadian Journal of Cardiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A Warren, JM Langley, W Thomas, J Scott. Optimizing the delivery and use of a new monoclonal antibody in children with congenital heart disease: A successful provincial respiratory syncytial virus prophylaxis program. Can J Cardiol 2007;23(6):463-466.OBJECTIVES: To describe a program for passive immunization against respiratory syncytial virus infection in infants with hemodynamically significant congenital heart disease (CHD) in accordance with the Canadian Paediatric Society recommendations. METHODS: A provincial coordinating committee composed of specialists in pediatrics, cardiology, infectious diseases, neonatology and public health collaborated to develop and implement a program to identify children with hemodynamically significant heart disease and offer respiratory syncytial virus prophylaxis. Database records for all children younger than two years of age who were seen by the provincial pediatric cardiology referral service were reviewed. Children with hemodynamically significant heart disease, as determined by a clinical assessment and echocardiography, were considered to be eligible for monthly palivizumab prophylaxis for five winter months. All physicians in the province were notified that approval of the provincial cardiology service was required for prophylaxis to be administered. Immunization rates were compared with projected rates based on the expected population-based immunization rates in infants with CHD in other provinces. RESULTS: 401 children with any cardiac diagnoses were identified, representing 545 potential patient-seasons of prophylaxis over two years in a birth cohort of 20,173 and 19,227 children, in each respective season (13.8 patient-seasons per 1000 births). Of these, 21 children were eligible for palivizumab prophylaxis according to the Canadian Paediatric Society criteria. All eligible children were immunized, and no ineligible children received the immunization. A review of palivizumab use in other provinces revealed highly variable rates of prophylaxis. CONCLUSIONS: The use of palivizumab for children with CHD can be optimized through a provincial model, in which children requiring prophylaxis are prospectively identified and reviewed by pediatric cardiologists -and to whom evidence-based guidelines developed by a multidisciplinary team -are applied. Such a model ensures that all patients requiring prophylaxis receive the appropriate immunization and avoids the immunization of low-risk children with CHD, in whom the benefits of palivizumab have not been proven.Key Words: Congenital heart disease; Palivizumab; Respiratory syncytial virus L'optimisation de la délivrance et de l'utilisation d'un nouvel anticorps monoclonal chez des enfants atteints d'une cardiopathie congénitale : Un programme provincial efficace de prophylaxie contre le virus respiratoire syncytial OBJECTIFS : Décrire un programme d'immunisation passive contre l'infection par le virus respiratoire syncytial chez des nourrissons atteints d'une cardiopathie congénitale importante sur le plan hémodynamique, con...

show abstract

Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Patients with Congenital Heart Disease: A Contemporary Look at Epidemiology and Success of Preoperative Screening

Cited by 92 publications

References 10 publications

Overcoming T-Cell-Mediated Immunopathology to Achieve Safe Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccination

Overcoming T-Cell-Mediated Immunopathology to Achieve Safe Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccination

Respiratory syncytial virus infection and congenital heart disease

Optimizing the delivery and use of a new monoclonal antibody in children with congenital heart disease: A successful provincial respiratory syncytial virus prophylaxis program

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About