Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection Rates with Limited Use of Palivizumab for Infants Born at 29 to 31+6/7 Weeks Gestational Age

Newby, Brandi; Sorokan, Todd

doi:10.4212/cjhp.v70i1.1623

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Newby and Sorokan conducted a retrospective study in 197 infants with GAs between 29 and 32 weeks and < 12 months of chronological age admitted at one of 12 hospitals in the Fraser Regional Health authority in British Columbia, Canada between 2008 and 2011. 44 Relatively few infants received prophylaxis (46/297), and the RSVH rate was lower among treated infants compared with untreated infants (rate ratio: 1.3).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Real-World Studies of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Hospitalizations among Moderate/Late Preterm Infants Exposed to Passive Immunoprophylaxis with Palivizumab

et al. 2022

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Objective This article aims to assess the real-world effectiveness of palivizumab immunoprophylaxis against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-associated hospitalization (RSVH) rates in otherwise healthy moderate/late preterm infants and discuss the role of palivizumab in preventing acute and long-term outcomes. Study Design We identified studies in the PubMed and Embase databases that reported patient-level data on (1) exposure to palivizumab in preterm infants born between 29 and 35 weeks of gestational age (or subsets within this range) ≤ 2 years of chronological age, and (2) the outcome of RSVH. Results Six studies assessed RSVH in infants this gestational age who had been exposed or not to palivizumab and reported patient-level data. Exposure was associated with a reduction in RSVH rates that was comparable to the reduction seen in controlled clinical trials (weighed mean 4.0-fold reduction). Conclusion RSV immunoprophylaxis in preterm infants within 29 to 35 weeks of gestational age is associated with a considerably lower burden of RSVH. Key Points

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Real-World Studies of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Hospitalizations among Moderate/Late Preterm Infants Exposed to Passive Immunoprophylaxis with Palivizumab

et al. 2022

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“…The mortality rate of RSV is higher than that of seasonal influenza infections [ 28 ]. In the general population, the frequency of RSV-positive hospitalizations is about 1% to 3%, although the proportion among premature infants is approximately 10% to 25% [ 29 ].…”

Section: Incidence Of Covid-19 and Rsv Infection In Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and respiratory syncytial virus coinfection in children

Zandi

Soltani

Fani

et al. 2021

Osong Public Health Res Perspect

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which causes viral pneumonia, has recently challenged the global healthcare system. COVID-19 is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which belongs to the Coronaviridae family [1]. As it spread rapidly to more than 100 countries all over the world, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 as a pandemic on March 11, 2020 [2]. Meanwhile, acute lower respiratory tract infections are the cause of death for about 160,000 neonates and more than 760,000 infants annually [3]. Studies have shown that Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae type b are common causes of bacterial pneumonia in children [4,5]. Furthermore, postmortem studies of SARS-CoV-2-positive patients have also reported coinfections of SARS-CoV-2 with

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Product review on the monoclonal antibody palivizumab for prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infection

Resch

2017

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

118

101

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Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) accounts for about 20% of all respiratory infections in children below the age of 5 y. It is associated with up to 63% of all acute respiratory infections and up to 81% of all viral lower respiratory tract infections causing hospitalization in infants and young children. RSV leads to seasonal epidemics between November and April in the northern hemisphere. Most severe infections (RSV accounts for 50 to 80% of all cause bronchiolitis) affect infants younger than 6 months of age and high-risk infants including those born preterm with or without bronchopulmonary dysplasia and those with hemodynamically significant congenital heart disease up to an age of 24 months. Palivizumab, a highly potent RSV-neutralizing monoclonal antibody (Mab), has been licensed in 1998 for prophylactic use to prevent RSV associated hospitalizations in high-risk infants. This Mab is given by monthly intramuscular injection at a dose of 15 mg/kg over the RSV season (up to 5 times). Palivizumab proved to be safe and well-tolerated in this population. Concerns have been raised regarding cost-effectiveness of palivizumab and thus, palivizumab prophylaxis is mainly limited to selected high-risk infants for the first RSV season. Long-lasting Mabs will be the next future approach in the prophylaxis of RSV hospitalization until a vaccine is developed.

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Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection Rates with Limited Use of Palivizumab for Infants Born at 29 to 31+6/7 Weeks Gestational Age

Cited by 5 publications

References 18 publications

Real-World Studies of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Hospitalizations among Moderate/Late Preterm Infants Exposed to Passive Immunoprophylaxis with Palivizumab

Real-World Studies of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Hospitalizations among Moderate/Late Preterm Infants Exposed to Passive Immunoprophylaxis with Palivizumab

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and respiratory syncytial virus coinfection in children

Product review on the monoclonal antibody palivizumab for prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infection

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