Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections in Children in a Desert Country

Hijazi, Z; Pacsa, A.S.; Eisa, S. A.; A, el Shazli; R, Abd el-Salam; F, el-Gharbawy

doi:10.1097/00006454-199504000-00016

Cited by 15 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…In one study, 61.1% of children who antibiotics in spite of the fact that 34.7% of these children had a laboratory test confirming viral aetiology [Edwards et al, 1985]. In other studies, 43.4% and 45% of RSVpositive children received antibiotics after admission [Hijazi et al, 1995;Adcock et al, 1997]. The high percentage of our patients received antibiotics may be due to the fact that Princess Rahma Hospital has no facility for confirming viral infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…In the present study, RSV was identified in 101 (28.9%) of 350 children with respiratory thract infection (Table I), which is a similar rate as the above studies. However, in 1995 RSV was detected in 40% of hospitalised children from Kuwait [Hijazi et al, 1995], which is a relatively high infection rate. A 1997 Jordanian study also showed a high rate of infection (50%) [Meqdam et al, 1997].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhanced detection of respiratory syncytial virus by shell vial in children hospitalised with respiratory illnesses in Northern Jordan

Meqdam

Nasrallah

2000

J. Med. Virol.

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During the period between November 1997 and May 1998, a total of 350 nasopharyngeal aspirates were obtained from children admitted to the Respiratory Disease Unit at Princess Rahma Hospital, northern Jordan, and diagnosed clinically as suffering from respiratory tract infections. Nasopharyngeal aspirates were investigated for the presence of respiratory syncycial virus (RSV) by using shell vial (SV) culture assay, conventional culture assay, and direct immunofluorescence assay. Out of 350 nasopharyngeal aspirates, 101(28.9%) were found positive by any of SV, conventional culture, and immunofluorescence; 91 (90.1%) by SV, 87(86.1%) by culture, and 83(82.2%) by immunofluorescence. The maximum number of virus isolations was noted in children below the age of 1 year and was associated with bronchiolitis. SV assay showed the highest sensitivity (94.3%) and specificity (96.9%) for detecting RSV from nasopharyngeal aspirates. These results emphasise the importance of SV culture assay for diagnosis of RSV, although immunofluorescence is a valuable, rapid diagnostic assay.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced detection of respiratory syncytial virus by shell vial in children hospitalised with respiratory illnesses in Northern Jordan

Meqdam

Nasrallah

2000

J. Med. Virol.

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“…Thus, on average, 63% of children were under 1 year of age. Three additional studies which did not differentiate in the age group under 1 year of age found 62% of children under one year of age (Nunez et al 1988;John et al 1991;Hijazi et al 1995). On average, 20% (range 13-29%) of the children were between 1 and 2 years of age.…”

Section: Age Distributionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Several studies reported the sex distribution of the patients (Ota & Bang 1972;Jamdar et al 1979;Vellayappan et al 1982;Ravaoarinoro et al 1986;Dym et al 1986;Nwankwo et al 1988;Sunakorn et al 1990;Kadi et al 1990;Forgie et al 1991b;Jamjoom et al 1993;Colocho Zelaya et al 1994;Sutmoller et al 1995;Hijazi et al 1995;Aderele et al 1995). Twelve of 14 studies found a male predominance; on average 60% of infected children were male (range 43-88%).…”

Section: Sex Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This temperature-dependent pattern appears to be independent of the rainfall pattern, as winter months have high rainfall in places such as Santiago in Chile (Avendano et al 1991), but low rainfall in places such as Johannesburg in South Africa (Joosting et al 1979) (Figure 1). In desert climates, such as Kuwait (Hijazi et al 1995) or Saudi Arabia (Jamjoom et al 1993), cases are also seen in the cold months.…”

Section: Seasonality Of Rsv Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

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Respiratory syncytial virus infection in tropical and developing countries

Weber

Mulholland

Greenwood

1998

Tropical Med Int Health

303

233

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SummaryLittle is known about the epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in tropical and developing countries; the data currently available have been reviewed. In most studies, RSV was found to be the predominant viral cause of acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRI) in childhood, being responsible for 27-96% of hospitalised cases (mean 65%) in which a virus was found. RSV infection is seasonal in most countries; outbreaks occur most frequently in the cold season in areas with temperate and Mediterranean climates and in the wet season in tropical countries with seasonal rainfall. The situation on islands and in areas of the inner tropics with perennial high rainfall is less clear-cut. The age group mainly affected by RSV in developing countries is children under 6 months of age (mean 39% of hospital patients with RSV). RSV-ALRI is slightly more common in boys than in girls. Very little information is available about the mortality of children infected with RSV, the frequency of bacterial co-infection, or the incidence of further wheezing after RSV. Further studies on RSV should address these questions in more detail. RSV is an important pathogen in young children in tropical and developing countries and a frequent cause of hospital admission. Prevention of RSV infection by vaccination would have a significant impact on the incidence of ALRI in children in developing countries.

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Bacteremia in the Infant With Bronchiolitis

Baptist¹,

Louthain²

1999

Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med

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Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections in Children in a Desert Country

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Enhanced detection of respiratory syncytial virus by shell vial in children hospitalised with respiratory illnesses in Northern Jordan

Enhanced detection of respiratory syncytial virus by shell vial in children hospitalised with respiratory illnesses in Northern Jordan

Respiratory syncytial virus infection in tropical and developing countries

Bacteremia in the Infant With Bronchiolitis

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