Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in a hospitalized adult with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) mimicking influenza A and Pneumocystis (carinii) jiroveci pneumonia (PCP)

Cunha, Burke A.; Syed, Uzma; Hage, Jean

doi:10.1016/j.hrtlng.2011.05.004

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Another case report described an adult HIV-infected patient who was hospitalized with influenza-like illness suspected of having influenza and PCP pneumonia. The patient was eventually diagnosed as having RSV pneumonia [ 17 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemophilus influenzae and Parainfluenza Virus Pneumonia in a Patient with AIDS

Nagarakanti

Bishburg

2020

Am J Case Rep

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Patient: Male, 64-year-old Final Diagnosis: Hemophilus influenzae and parainfluenza virus pneumonia in a patient with AIDS Symptoms: Shortness of breath Medication:— Clinical Procedure: Bronchoalveolar lavage Specialty: Infectious Diseases Objective: Rare disease Background: Parainfluenza viruses (PIV) are known to cause mild respiratory tract infections in immunocompetent patients but can cause severe infections in immune-compromised patients such as transplant recipients and children with HIV. PIV infection in HIV-infected adults has rarely been reported. We report a case of PIV pneumonia in an adult with AIDS who was successfully treated with oral ribavirin. Case Report: A 64-year-old man with history of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) was admitted to the hospital with shortness of breath that began 3 days before. He was in respiratory distress and required mechanical ventilation on arrival. A bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) culture was positive for Hemophilus influenzae and a respiratory viral panel was positive for Parainfluenza virus. The patient was initially started on Cefepime and Trimethoprim- Sulfamethoxazole and later changed to Ceftriaxone based on culture results. As the patient’s condition did not improve after 48 h, oral ribavirin was added to treat PIV. The patient subsequently improved and was extubated after 72 h. Conclusions: Oral ribavirin can have a beneficial effect in AIDS patients who have PIV-associated pneumonia. Further investigation of the benefit of oral ribavirin in similar cases is warranted.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemophilus influenzae and Parainfluenza Virus Pneumonia in a Patient with AIDS

Nagarakanti

Bishburg

2020

Am J Case Rep

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“…Data on the risk of severe RSV-associated LRTI in PLWH are sparse. Several case reports of severe RSV-associated LRTI in adults LWH have been published mostly from the pre-antiretroviral treatment era [17][18][19] . Although HIV infection has been described as a risk factor for RSV-associated SARI hospitalization in our setting, this study supports LWH as a risk factor for severe RSV-associated SARI in both adults and children [2,4] .…”

Section: Risk Factors For Rsv-associated Sari Among Children Aged <5 ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for severe respiratory syncytial virus-associated respiratory tract infection in a high HIV prevalence setting, prior to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, South Africa, 2012 – 2018

Moyes,

Tempia,

Walaza

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background Identifying risk factors for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)–associated severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) will assist with targeting vaccine interventions. Methods Using surveillance data from South Africa (2012-2018). We compared the characteristics of individuals with RSV-associated ILI (reference group) to those with RSV-associated SARI to describe factors associated with SARI using a multivariable analysis. Results RSV was detected in 6% (483/7792) of ILI cases and 15% (844/5672) of SARI cases. Factors associated with SARI in children included age <2 months, compared to age 2–4 years (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 54.4; 95% confidence interval (CI) 23.5–125.8), malnutrition (aOR 1.9; 95% CI 1.2–3.2), prematurity (aOR 2.4; 95% CI 1.3–4.6) and living with HIV (LWH) (aOR 22.5; 95% CI 2.9–174.3). In individuals ≥5 years, factors associated with SARI included age ≥65 years compared to age 5–24 years (aOR 10.7; 95% CI 1.1–107.5), symptom duration ≥5 days (aOR 2.7; 95% CI 1.1–6.3), underlying illness (aOR 2.7; 95% CI 1.5–26.1) and LWH (aOR 16.8, 95% CI: 4.8–58.2). Conclusion Individuals at the extremes of age and those with identified risk factors a might benefit most from RSV prevention interventions.

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“…As a disease with worldwide spreading, it is no doubt that swine flu affects many patients with underlying medical also several similar viral infections that might look like swine flu in HIV infected cases. Cunha et al Noted that "during the influenza season, in adults hospitalized with HIV, the diagnostic possibilities should include influenza-like illnesses, e.g., human parainfluenza virus types 3 and 4, human metapneumovirus, and pertussis [13]. "…”

Section: Swine Flu In Hiv Infected Casementioning

confidence: 99%