Respiratory syncytial virus subgroup B dominance during one winter season between 1987 and 1992 in Vancouver, Canada

Thomas, Eva; Margach, M J; Örvell, Claes; Morrison, Brenda J.; Wilson, Eileen

doi:10.1128/jcm.32.1.238-242.1994

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Analysis of 613 viruses isolated in Vancouver, Canada, revealed that both group A and B viruses were circulating from 1987 to 1992. The group B viruses predominated during only one season (121). RSV isolates from a single epidemic period in Texas were found to be almost equally distributed between A and B group viruses, and intragroup variability was observed (78).…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 93%

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Genetic and Antigenic Diversity

2000

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SUMMARY Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of viral lower respiratory tract infections among infants and young children in both developing and developed countries. There are two major antigenic groups of RSV, A and B, and additional antigenic variability occurs within the groups. The most extensive antigenic and genetic diversity is found in the attachment glycoprotein, G. During individual epidemic periods, viruses of both antigenic groups may cocirculate or viruses of one group may predominate. When there are consecutive annual epidemics in which the same group predominates, the dominant viruses are genetically different from year to year. The antigenic differences that occur among these viruses may contribute to the ability of RSV to establish reinfections throughout life. The differences between the two groups have led to vaccine development strategies that should provide protection against both antigenic groups. The ability to discern intergroup and intragroup differences has increased the power of epidemiologic investigations of RSV. Future studies should expand our understanding of the molecular evolution of RSV and continue to contribute to the process of vaccine development.

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Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 93%

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Genetic and Antigenic Diversity

2000

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“…RSV isolates can be divided into two distinct groups, designated A and B, based on their reaction with monoclonal antibodies ( 2 4 ) , sequencing ( 5 , 6), PCR and restriction endonuclease analysis or sequencing of PCR products (7-9, lo), yet with a wide diversity among the strains within each of the groups, in particular in group A. Strains of both groups are often found to cocirculate during epidemics, but the prevalence of strains seems to vary in an in-versely oscillating manner (7,(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18). The driving force of these fluctuating patterns is not known.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The fluctuating pattern of various genome types of respiratory syncytial virus in Copenhagen and some other locations in Denmark

Christensen¹,

Larsen²,

Johansen³

et al. 1999

APMIS

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The fluctuating pattern of various genome types of respiratory syncytial virus in Copenhagen and some other locations in Denmark. APMIS 1999; 107:843-50.A semi-nested RT-PCR method based on a region of the F and G glycoprotein genes was established, allowing the simultaneous detection and differentiation of group A and group B isolates of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). The PCR products were subjected to digestion with restriction endonucleases to further differentiate the isolates. Using, in addition, previously reported studies the prevalence of various genome types in the Copenhagen region over a period of 6 years was established. Furthermore, the prevalence of genome types was determined in a distant region in Denmark during the winters of 1996/97 and 1997/98, and in yet another distant region during the winter of 1997/98. It was shown that the different regions in Denmark to a large extent share the same pool of genome types of RSV. Yet, while the fluctuating patterns of the two groups and various genome types were almost identical at different hospitals in the Copenhagen region, they varied between the different regions. This suggests that epidemics in local communities primarily rely on region-specific herd immunity parameters and emerge from strains endemically circulating in these local communities. Group B strains in Copenhagen showed an overall predominance, being predominant in three of the six epidemic seasons studied, and of almost equal predominance in one season.

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“…Grouping was based on substantial genetic heterogeneity (19, 33,77,131), especially involving the G glycoprotein, a protein putatively responsible for RSV attachment to cells. Antigenic variability of RSV strains and its possible role in explaining the phenomenon of reinfection (95,96,139,144,147), apparent differences in disease severity (62,88,89,98), and RSV epidemiology (4,126,128,137) are under investigation.…”

Section: Phenotypic Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperimmune globulins in prevention and treatment of respiratory syncytial virus infections

et al. 1995

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Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an important community and nosocomial respiratory pathogen for infants and young children. RSV causes especially severe disease in the prematurely born or those with chronic cardiopulmonary diseases. Elderly persons and those with T-cell deficiencies, such as bone marrow transplant recipients, are also at high risk for serious lower respiratory tract infections. To date, prevention of RSV infections by vaccination has proven elusive and no preventive drugs exist. Studies in animals and humans have shown that the lower respiratory tract can be protected from RSV infection by sufficient circulating RSV neutralizing antibody levels. Recently, an RSV hyperimmune immune globulin (RSVIG) was developed and tested for the prevention of RSV infections or reduction of disease severity. Passive immunization of high-risk children with RSVIG during the respiratory disease season effected significant reductions in RSV infections, hospitalizations, days of hospitalization, intensive care unit admissions, days in the intensive care unit, and ribavirin use. Studies in cotton rats and owl monkeys show that RSV infections can also be treated with inhalation of immune globulin at doses substantially smaller than required for parenteral treatment. Therapeutic trials of parenteral RSVIG have been completed and are pending analysis. The use of polyclonal, hyperimmune globulins and perhaps human monoclonal antibodies provides an additional approach to the prevention and perhaps the treatment of certain viral lower respiratory tract infections such as those caused by RSV.

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Respiratory syncytial virus subgroup B dominance during one winter season between 1987 and 1992 in Vancouver, Canada

Cited by 18 publications

References 34 publications

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Genetic and Antigenic Diversity

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Genetic and Antigenic Diversity

The fluctuating pattern of various genome types of respiratory syncytial virus in Copenhagen and some other locations in Denmark

Hyperimmune globulins in prevention and treatment of respiratory syncytial virus infections

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