Respiratory tract microbiome and pneumonia

Narendrakumar, Lekshmi; Ray, Animesh

doi:10.1016/bs.pmbts.2022.07.002

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…The homeostatic state of microecological diversity in the lung may be influenced by various biotic or abiotic conditions ( Liu et al., 2022a ). Clinical studies based on infectious pneumonia have shown that increased colonization by opportunistic pathogens may lead to imbalance in the lower respiratory microecology and trigger symptoms of infection in the lower respiratory tract ( De Pascale et al., 2021 ; Narendrakumar and Ray, 2022 ). Changes in the microbiota have been reported during lower respiratory tract infections and such changes are strongly associated with the course or prognosis of pneumonia ( Hanada et al., 2018 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical identification and microbiota analysis of Chlamydia psittaci- and Chlamydia abortus- pneumonia by metagenomic next-generation sequencing

Xie

Qing

Cao³

et al. 2023

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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IntroductionRecently, the incidence of chlamydial pneumonia caused by rare pathogens such as C. psittaci or C. abortus has shown a significant upward trend. The non-specific clinical manifestations and the limitations of traditional pathogen identification methods determine that chlamydial pneumonia is likely to be poorly diagnosed or even misdiagnosed, and may further result in delayed treatment or unnecessary antibiotic use. mNGS's non-preference and high sensitivity give us the opportunity to obtain more sensitive detection results than traditional methods for rare pathogens such as C. psittaci or C. abortus. MethodsIn the present study, we investigated both the pathogenic profile characteristics and the lower respiratory tract microbiota of pneumonia patients with different chlamydial infection patterns using mNGS.ResultsMore co-infecting pathogens were found to be detectable in clinical samples from patients infected with C. psittaci compared to C. abortus, suggesting that patients infected with C. psittaci may have a higher risk of mixed infection, which in turn leads to more severe clinical symptoms and a longer disease course cycle. Further, we also used mNGS data to analyze for the first time the characteristic differences in the lower respiratory tract microbiota of patients with and without chlamydial pneumonia, the impact of the pattern of Chlamydia infection on the lower respiratory tract microbiota, and the clinical relevance of these characteristics. Significantly different profiles of lower respiratory tract microbiota and microecological diversity were found among different clinical subgroups, and in particular, mixed infections with C. psittaci and C. abortus resulted in lower lung microbiota diversity, suggesting that chlamydial infections shape the unique lung microbiota pathology, while mixed infections with different Chlamydia may have important effects on the composition and diversity of the lung microbiota. DiscussionThe present study provides possible evidences supporting the close correlation between chlamydial infection, altered microbial diversity in patients' lungs and clinical parameters associated with infection or inflammation in patients, which also provides a new research direction to better understand the pathogenic mechanisms of pulmonary infections caused by Chlamydia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical identification and microbiota analysis of Chlamydia psittaci- and Chlamydia abortus- pneumonia by metagenomic next-generation sequencing

Xie

Qing

Cao³

et al. 2023

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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“…The respiratory microbiome can provide protection against pathogen colonisation (reviewed recently here: (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)). In healthy individuals, the lung microbiota largely resembles the upper respiratory tract microbiota, but at lower densities (16,17), and common constituent members include Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Prevotella, Veillonella and Rothia species (12,18).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic resistance alters the ability ofPseudomonas aeruginosato invade the respiratory microbiome

Lindon,

Shah,

Gifford

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance in bacterial pathogens is a global health threat. One important unanswered question is how antibiotic resistance influences the ability of a pathogen to invade the host-associated microbiome. Here we investigate how antibiotic resistance impacts the ability of the opportunistic bacterial pathogenPseudomonas aeruginosato invade the respiratory microbiome, by measuring the ability ofP. aeruginosaspontaneous antibiotic resistant mutants to invade pre-established cultures of commensal respiratory microbes. We find that commensal respiratory microbes tend to inhibit the growth ofP. aeruginosa, and antibiotic resistance is a double-edged sword that can either help or hinder the ability ofP. aeruginosato overcome this inhibition. The directionality of this help or hinderance depends on bothP. aeruginosagenotype and respiratory microbe identity. Antibiotic resistance facilitates the invasion ofP. aeruginosaintoStaphylococcus lugdunensis,yet impairs invasion intoRothia mucilaginosaandStaphylococcus epidermidis.Streptococcusspecies provide the strongest inhibition toP. aeruginosainvasion, and this is maintained regardless of antibiotic resistance genotype. Our study demonstrates how antibiotic resistance can alter the ability of a bacterial pathogen to invade the respiratory microbiome and suggests that attempts to manipulate the microbiome should focus on promoting the growth of commensals that can provide robust inhibition of both wildtype and antibiotic resistant pathogen strains.

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