Respiratory tract pathogens isolated from patients hospitalized with suspected pneumonia: frequency of occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns from the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program (United States and Canada, 1997)

Jones, Ronald N.; Croco, Matthew A.T.; Kugler, Kari C.; Pfaller, Michael A.; Beach, Mondell L.

doi:10.1016/s0732-8893(00)00115-2

Cited by 53 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Stewardship principles include selecting the most appropriate agent, dose, and frequency and have been shown to influence clinical outcomes in patients with nosocomial infections (2-4). P. aeruginosa is the leading cause of Gram-negative nosocomial pneumonia and the second most common cause of nosocomial bacteremia (12,13). P. aeruginosa is challenging to treat due to multiple resistance mechanisms often resulting in higher MICs in combination with the lack of new antibiotics with antipseudomonal activity (14).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extended-Infusion Cefepime Reduces Mortality in Patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections

Bauer

West

O’Brien

et al. 2013

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

137

106

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In an era of escalating resistance and a lack of new antimicrobial discovery, stewardship programs must utilize knowledge of pharmacodynamics to achieve maximal exposure in the treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. We evaluated the clinical and economic outcomes associated with extended-infusion cefepime in the treatment of P. aeruginosa infections. This single-center study compared inpatients who received cefepime for bacteremia and/or pneumonia admitted from 1 January 2008 through 30 June 2010 (a 30-min infusion of 2 g every 8 h) to those admitted from 1 July 2010 through 31 May 2011 (a 4-h infusion of 2 g every 8 h). The overall mortality was significantly lower in the group that received extended-infusion treatment (20% versus 3%; P ‫؍‬ 0.03). The mean length of stay was 3.5 days less for patients who received extended infusion (P ‫؍‬ 0.36), and for patients admitted to the intensive care unit the mean length of stay was significantly less in the extended-infusion group (18.5 days versus 8 days; P ‫؍‬ 0.04). Hospital costs were $23,183 less per patient, favoring the extended-infusion treatment group (P ‫؍‬ 0.13). We conclude that extended-infusion treatment with cefepime provides increased clinical and economic benefits in the treatment of invasive P. aeruginosa infections.A ntimicrobial resistance has emerged as a global health crisis, gaining the attention of the World Health Organization and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (1). As antimicrobial resistance continues to emerge and new antimicrobial development stagnates, antimicrobial stewardship programs are being implemented worldwide. The goal of antimicrobial stewardship is to optimize antimicrobial therapy with maximal impact on the subsequent development of resistance (2-4). The Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee, in partnership with the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, lists antimicrobial stewardship as a top 5 message for health care workers (5).Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections constitute a tremendous burden on hospitals in the United States in terms of morbidity, mortality, and health care costs. P. aeruginosa infections are associated with a mortality rate of 18 to 60%, and the cost of treatment is substantial, ranging from $20,000 to $80,000 per infection (6-11). Antimicrobial therapy for P. aeruginosa is limited because of the organism's multiple resistance mechanisms, often resulting in higher .Cefepime is a "fourth-generation" cephalosporin with activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms, including P. aeruginosa. Because of its broad activity, cefepime is used as empirical antibiotic therapy for serious infections, including pneumonia and bacteremia. Like other ␤-lactam antibiotics, cefepime displays time-dependent bactericidal activity, and its efficacy is optimized when free drug concentrations exceed the MIC (fT Ͼ MIC) for at least 60 to 70% of the dosing interval (15-18). Recent evidence suggests that conventional regimens may not attain this fT Ͼ MIC (19-21). ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…P. aeruginosa infections are associated with a mortality rate of 18 to 60%, and the cost of treatment is substantial, ranging from $20,000 to $80,000 per infection (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11). Antimicrobial therapy for P. aeruginosa is limited because of the organism's multiple resistance mechanisms, often resulting in higher MICs (12)(13)(14).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Extended-Infusion Cefepime Reduces Mortality in Patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections

Bauer

West

O’Brien

et al. 2013

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

137

106

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Pyocin production was tested on selective Cetrimide Agar aeruginosa strains isolated from faeces (10,11,12,13,14), NCTC 6749 (15) and wound (16,17,18 Results of antibiotic resistance and genotyping showed poor correlation. Resistance patterns from bacterial isolates which had identical genotypes differed in up to 9 antibiotics.…”

Section: Phenotypic Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…aeruginosa accounts for 10% of all hospital acquired infections, a site specific prevalence which may vary from one unit to another and from study to study (11). Various possible sources of P. aeruginosa infection in hospitals have been identified, i.e., tap water, disinfectants, food, sinks, mops, medical equipment, hospital personnel and others (7,14,19).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic and genotypic diversity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from hospitals in siedlce (Poland)

Wolska¹,

Kot²,

Jakubczak³

2012

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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A total of 62 Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from two hospitals in Siedlce (Poland) were studied by repetitive element based PCR (rep-PCR) using BOX primer. BOX-PCR results revealed the presence of 7 numerous genotypes and 31 unique patterns among isolates. Generally, the strains of P. aeruginosa were characterized by resistance to many antibiotics tested and by differences in serogroups and types of growth on cetrimide agar medium. However, the P. aeruginosa strains isolated from faeces showed much lower phenotypic and genotypic variations in comparison with strains obtained from other clinical specimens. It was observed that genetic techniques supported by phenotypic tests have enabled to conduct a detailed characterization of P. aeruginosa strains isolated from a particular environment at a particular time.

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“…P. aeruginosa is able to grow anaerobically in the presence of terminal electron acceptors, such as nitrate (NO 3 Ϫ ), nitrite (NO 2 Ϫ ), and nitrous oxide (N 2 O), or when L-arginine is a substrate for growth (21). The CF airway mucus is sufficiently rich in NO 3 Ϫ and NO 2 Ϫ to support the anaerobic growth of P. aeruginosa (7,19). In this study, a comparison of the P. aeruginosa proteome during growth in the presence and absence of oxygen was performed.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Pseudomonas aeruginosa Proteome during Anaerobic Growth

Guina

Brittnacher

et al. 2005

J Bacteriol

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Isotope-coded affinity tag analysis and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis followed by tandem mass spectrometry were used to identify Pseudomonas aeruginosa proteins expressed during anaerobic growth. Out of the 617 proteins identified, 158 were changed in abundance during anaerobic growth compared to during aerobic growth, including proteins whose increased expression was expected based on their role in anaerobic metabolism. These results form the basis for future analyses of alterations in bacterial protein content during growth in various environments, including the cystic fibrosis airway.

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Respiratory tract pathogens isolated from patients hospitalized with suspected pneumonia: frequency of occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns from the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program (United States and Canada, 1997)

Cited by 53 publications

References 36 publications

Extended-Infusion Cefepime Reduces Mortality in Patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections

Extended-Infusion Cefepime Reduces Mortality in Patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections

Phenotypic and genotypic diversity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from hospitals in siedlce (Poland)

The Pseudomonas aeruginosa Proteome during Anaerobic Growth

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