Respondent Understanding of the 1999 Referendum Question on a Reform of the New Zealand Justice System

Gendall, Philip; Hoek, Janet; Willis, Angela L.

doi:10.1080/10361140220148160

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Conversely, the New Zealand adult criminal justice system is regarded as a key example of populist punitiveness: 'the notion of politicians tapping into, and using for their own purposes, what they believe to be the public's generally punitive stance' (Bottoms, 1995: 40). Beginning with a citizen-initiated referendum in 1999 (Gendall et al, 2002), the adult criminal justice system has followed a punitive course (Pratt, 2007(Pratt, , 2008Pratt and Clark, 2005). The burgeoning prison population illustrates this well.…”

Section: Preserving the Paradigmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Playing catch-up? Recent reform of New Zealand’s youth justice system

Lynch

2012

Criminology & Criminal Justice

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The New Zealand youth justice system emerged as a ‘new paradigm’ in the early 1990s. This model of reintegration, restorativeness, diversion and family empowerment has been highly influential worldwide. The New Zealand system has remained stable and non-punitive in the context of a volatile and punitive adult criminal justice system and the ‘punitive turn’ in the youth justice systems of similar jurisdictions. Significant reforms have been made through amending legislation in 2010. Here, three significant conceptual shifts underpinning the recent reforms are discussed. It is suggested that the New Zealand youth justice system is ‘playing catch-up’ both with the adult system, and with comparable jurisdictions. Nevertheless, those factors which allowed the youth justice system to remain non-punitive up to now may act to mitigate the potentially harsh effects of the legislative changes.

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Section: Preserving the Paradigmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Playing catch-up? Recent reform of New Zealand’s youth justice system

Lynch

2012

Criminology & Criminal Justice

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“…For example, a particular catalyst for punitiveness in the adult system was a public initiated referendum in 1999 organized by an individual whose mother had been the victim of a violent crime (Ministry of Justice, 2011). The referendum posed the question “should there be a reform of our justice system placing greater emphasis on the needs of victims, providing restitution and compensation for them and imposing minimum sentences and hard labour for all serious offenders?” Of the respondents, 92% answered this rather leading question in the affirmative (Gendall, Hoek, & Willis, 2002). This was a driver of a volatile and reactive legislative period, as discussed above.…”

Section: Mode Of Legislative and Policy Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Contrasts in Tolerance” in a Single Jurisdiction

Lynch

2013

International Criminal Justice Review

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There is considerable literature on the causes of punitiveness in late modern society. Penal tolerance and its causes are less well studied. Both studies of punitiveness and tolerance have relied on analysis of single jurisdictions across time, or comparatively across jurisdictions. New Zealand offers a perhaps unique case study of a jurisdiction that hosted a tolerant and progressive youth justice and a punitive adult justice system in the same time period. This article considers three factors that have operated differently in each system to promote punitiveness or tolerance in the two decades from 1989. These are the mode of legislative and policy development, the participation of victims of crime in the criminal process, and how legislation and policy are implemented by professional decision makers.

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Respondent Understanding of the 1999 Referendum Question on a Reform of the New Zealand Justice System

Cited by 2 publications

References 3 publications

Playing catch-up? Recent reform of New Zealand’s youth justice system

Playing catch-up? Recent reform of New Zealand’s youth justice system

“Contrasts in Tolerance” in a Single Jurisdiction

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