Response: Commentary: Perceptual learning in autism: over-specificity and possible remedies

Harris, Hila; Israeli, David; Minshew, Nancy J.; Bonneh, Yoram; Heeger, David J.; Behrmann, Marlene; Sagi, Dov

doi:10.3389/fnint.2016.00036

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 8 publications

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“…In the experiments reported here, the effects of adaptation were reduced by interleaving target trials with no-target trials oriented 45° away from the target (see above – ‘reduced adaptation’), previously shown to allow for transfer of learning across equal-eccentricity locations, using comparable experimental parameters 17 , 19 , 25 , 38 . Furthermore, training sessions were kept short (~30 minutes) in order to further minimize adaptation and fatigue 18 , 39 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual learning with reduced adaptation is eccentricity-specific

Harris

Sagi

2018

Sci Rep

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Visual learning is known to be specific to the trained target location, showing little transfer to untrained locations. Recently, learning was shown to transfer across equal-eccentricity retinal-locations when sensory adaptation due to repetitive stimulation was minimized. It was suggested that learning transfers to previously untrained locations when the learned representation is location invariant, with sensory adaptation introducing location-dependent representations, thus preventing transfer. Spatial invariance may also fail when the trained and tested locations are at different distance from the center of gaze (different retinal eccentricities), due to differences in the corresponding low-level cortical representations (e.g. allocated cortical area decreases with eccentricity). Thus, if learning improves performance by better classifying target-dependent early visual representations, generalization is predicted to fail when locations of different retinal eccentricities are trained and tested in the absence sensory adaptation. Here, using the texture discrimination task, we show specificity of learning across different retinal eccentricities (4–8°) using reduced adaptation training. The existence of generalization across equal-eccentricity locations but not across different eccentricities demonstrates that learning accesses visual representations preceding location independent representations, with specificity of learning explained by inhomogeneous sensory representation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual learning with reduced adaptation is eccentricity-specific

Harris

Sagi

2018

Sci Rep

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Understanding Sensory-Motor Disorders in Autism Spectrum Disorders by Extending Hebbian Theory: Formation of a Rigid-Autonomous Phase Sequence

Nojiri,

Takase

2023

Perspect Psychol Sci

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Autism spectrum disorder is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction and restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities. The symptoms invariably appear in early childhood and cause significant impairment in social, occupational, and other important functions. Various abnormalities in the genetic, neurological, and endocrine systems of patients with autism spectrum disorder have been reported as the etiology; however, no clear factor leading to the onset of the disease has been identified. Additionally, higher order cognitive dysfunctions, which are represented by a lack of theory of mind, sensorimotor disorders, and memory-related disorders (e.g., flashbacks), have been reported in recent years, but no theoretical framework has been proposed to explain these behavioral abnormalities. In this study, we extended Hebb’s biopsychology theory to provide a theoretical framework that comprehensively explains the various behavioral abnormalities observed in autism spectrum disorder. Specifically, we propose that a wide range of symptoms in autism spectrum disorder may be caused by the formation of a rigid-autonomous phase sequence (RAPS) in the brain. Using the RAPS formation theory, we propose a biopsychological mechanism that could be a target for the treatment of autism spectrum disorders.

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Response: Commentary: Perceptual learning in autism: over-specificity and possible remedies

Cited by 2 publications

References 8 publications

Visual learning with reduced adaptation is eccentricity-specific

Visual learning with reduced adaptation is eccentricity-specific

Understanding Sensory-Motor Disorders in Autism Spectrum Disorders by Extending Hebbian Theory: Formation of a Rigid-Autonomous Phase Sequence

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