Response inhibition and memory updating in the count/nocount task: an ERP study

Zhang, Zhuyun; Jing, Jingyan; Qi, Mingming; Gao, Heming

doi:10.1007/s00221-021-06213-6

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…This was in line with findings of a previous study (Barry & De Blasio 2013). The P2 amplitude is sensitive to the amount of attentional resources recruited for perceptual processing (Bonnefond et al 2010;Lenartowicz et al 2014;Stock et al 2016;Zhang et al 2021). Therefore, the increased P2 amplitude found in this study might indicate enhanced resource allocation processes on Nogo trials.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…stronger conflict monitoring and conflict resolution for Nogo than Go trials (Donkers & van Boxtel 2004;Smith et al 2008). In addition, a shorter latency of the frontal P2 component for Nogo relative to Go trials was found in previous studies (Johnstone et al 2007;Qi et al 2017;Zhang et al 2021). P2 has been associated with perceptual processing, and the P2 peak latency has been considered to be an indication of the time required for perceptual analysis (Lenartowicz et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

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Chronic academic stress facilitates response inhibition: Behavioral and electrophysiological evidence

Gao

Huang

2021

Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci

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Previous studies have found that acute stress can modulate response inhibition. However, the effect of chronic stress on response inhibition has not been investigated. A major examination was adopted as a chronic stressor in this study. Both the stress and control groups performed a modified Go/Nogo task. In each trial, a probe stimulus (left or right arrow) was presented immediately after the Go/Nogo task. The probe reaction time (RT) was used as an index of cognitive load during the task. Event-related potentials (ERPs) evoked by Go/Nogo stimuli were investigated. The RTs for the Go stimulus and the probe stimulus were shorter for the stress group than for the control group. This superior performance by stressed participants might suggest a promoted task processing efficiency during the dual task under stress. A smaller probe RT effect (RT Nogo -RT Go ) was found in the stress group than in the control group, indicating a facilitatory effect of stress on conflict resolution. The ERP results showed that the P2 Go/Nogo effect was smaller for the stress group than for the control group, driven by an increased P2 amplitude after Go trials for the stress group. This might indicate an enhancement of attentional resource allocation to the Go stimuli under stress. Both the Nogo P3 amplitude and the P3 Go/Nogo effect were enhanced in the stress group than in the control group, suggesting that conflict resolution was enhanced under stress. These results demonstrate that chronic academic stress might facilitate response inhibition by promoting conflict resolution.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Chronic academic stress facilitates response inhibition: Behavioral and electrophysiological evidence

Gao

Huang

2021

Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci

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“…Thus, the N2 could already reflect inhibition of to-be-forgotten items, regardless of their affective significance. On the other hand, using a “count/no count task,” Zhang et al (2021) recently failed to observed N2 modulation by inhibition requirements in the “no count” condition. Instead, they observed a frontal positivity (termed frontal P3) increase in the “no count” compared to the count task which was interpreted as reflecting conflict resolution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different ways to forget: Electrophysiological mechanisms underlying item-method directed forgetting of angry and neutral faces

Kißler

Hauswald

2022

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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Emotional stimuli, including faces, receive preferential processing and are consequently better remembered than neutral stimuli. Therefore, they may also be more resistant to intentional forgetting. The present study investigates the behavioral and electrophysiological consequences of instructions to selectively remember or forget angry and neutral faces. In an item-method directed forgetting experiment, angry and neutral faces were randomly presented to 25 student participants (4 males). Each face was followed by an instruction to either forget or remember it and the participants’ EEG was recorded. Later, recognition memory was unexpectedly tested for all items. Behaviorally, both hit and false alarm rates were higher for angry alike than for neutral faces. Directed forgetting occurred for neutral and angry faces as reflected in a reduction of both recognition accuracy and response bias. Event-related potentials revealed a larger late positive potential (LPP, 450 – 700 ms) for angry than for neutral faces during face presentation and, in line with selective rehearsal of remember items, a larger LPP following remember than forget cues. Forget cues generally elicited a larger frontal N2 (280 – 400 ms) than remember cues, in line with the forget instruction eliciting conflict monitoring and inhibition. Selectively following angry faces, a larger cue-evoked P2 (180 – 280 ms) was observed. Notably, forget cues following angry faces elicited a larger late frontal positivity (450 - 700 ms) potentially signaling conflict resolution. Thus, whereas both angry and neutral faces are subject to directed forgetting, on a neural level, different mechanisms underlie the effect. While directed forgetting for neutral faces may be achieved primarily by selective rehearsal, directed forgetting of angry faces involves an additional late frontal positivity, likely reflecting higher cognitive demands imposed by forgetting angry faces.

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Cortical and subcortical contributions to non-motor inhibitory control: an fMRI study

Pan,

Wang

2023

Cerebral Cortex

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Inhibition is a core executive cognitive function. However, the neural correlates of non-motor inhibitory control are not well understood. We investigated this question using functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) and a simple Count Go/NoGo task (n = 23), and further explored the causal relationships between activated brain regions. We found that the Count NoGo task activated a distinct pattern in the subcortical basal ganglia, including bilateral ventral anterior/lateral nucleus of thalamus (VA/VL), globus pallidus/putamen (GP/putamen), and subthalamic nucleus (STN). Stepwise regressions and mediation analyses revealed that activations in these region(s) were modulated differently by only 3 cortical regions i.e. the right inferior frontal gyrus/insula (rIFG/insula), along with left IFG/insula, and anterior cingulate cortex/supplementary motor area (ACC/SMA). The activations of bilateral VA/VL were modulated by both rSTN and rIFG/insula (with rGP/putamen as a mediator) independently, and the activation of rGP/putamen was modulated by ACC/SMA, with rIFG/insula as a mediator. Our findings provide the neural correlates of inhibitory control of counting and causal relationships between them, and strongly suggest that both indirect and hyperdirect pathways of the basal ganglia are involved in the Count NoGo condition.

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Response inhibition and memory updating in the count/nocount task: an ERP study

Cited by 3 publications

References 56 publications

Chronic academic stress facilitates response inhibition: Behavioral and electrophysiological evidence

Chronic academic stress facilitates response inhibition: Behavioral and electrophysiological evidence

Different ways to forget: Electrophysiological mechanisms underlying item-method directed forgetting of angry and neutral faces

Cortical and subcortical contributions to non-motor inhibitory control: an fMRI study

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