Response inhibition under alcohol: effects of cognitive and motivational conflict.

Fillmore, Mark T.; Vogel‐Sprott, M.

doi:10.15288/jsa.2000.61.239

Cited by 170 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The information about the response requirement for the monetary rewards was provided to these individuals immediately prior to performing the test. This reward procedure has been used in previous research to motivate response conflict (e.g., Fillmore et al, 2005b;Fillmore and Vogel-Sprott, 2000).…”

Section: Response Conflictmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Laboratory studies also suggest that the disinhibiting effects of alcohol are most pronounced when the inhibition of a response is in conflict with a strong instigation to display the response (Conger, 1956;Curtin and Fairchild, 2003;Fillmore and Vogel-Sprott, 2000). Such conflict is present in situations where there are equal reinforcers or punishments for the expression and inhibition of a behavior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such conflict is present in situations where there are equal reinforcers or punishments for the expression and inhibition of a behavior. For example, Fillmore and Vogel-Sprott (2000) studied alcohol effects on inhibitory control and found that alcohol only disinhibited responding in situations where displaying a response was as equally motivating as inhibiting the response (i.e., conflicting reinforcement). A meta-analysis of studies of alcohol effects on a variety of social and interpersonal measures (e.g., aggression, risk-taking, sexual behaviors) also found that the disinhibiting effect of the drug was most pronounced when there was some conflicting motivational consequence (e.g., money) for inhibiting and for displaying the response (Steele and Southwick, 1985).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acute disinhibiting effects of alcohol as a factor in risky driving behavior

Fillmore¹,

Blackburn²,

Harrison³

2008

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

134

124

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Automobile crash reports show that up to 40% of fatal crashes in the United States involve alcohol and that younger drivers are over-represented. Alcohol use among young drivers is associated with impulsive and risky driving behaviors, such as speeding, which could contribute to their overrepresentation in alcohol-related crash statistics. Recent laboratory studies show that alcohol increases impulsive behaviors by impairing the drinker's ability to inhibit inappropriate actions and that this effect can be exacerbated in conflict situations where the expression and inhibition of behavior are equally motivating. The present study tested the hypothesis that this response conflict might also intensify the disruptive effects of alcohol on driving performance. Fourteen subjects performed a simulated driving and a cued go/no-go task that measured their inhibitory control. Conflict was motivated in these tasks by providing equal monetary incentives for slow, careful behavior (e.g., slow driving, inhibiting impulses) and for quick, abrupt behavior (fast driving, disinhibition). Subjects were tested under two alcohol doses (0.65 g/kg and a placebo) that were administered twice: when conflict was present and when conflict was absent. Alcohol interacted with conflict to impair inhibitory control and to increase risky and impaired driving behavior on the drive task. Also, individuals whose inhibitory control was most impaired by alcohol displayed the poorest driving performance under the drug. The study demonstrates potentially serious disruptions to driving performance as a function of alcohol intoxication and response conflict, and points to inhibitory control as an important underlying mechanism.

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Section: Response Conflictmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acute disinhibiting effects of alcohol as a factor in risky driving behavior

Fillmore¹,

Blackburn²,

Harrison³

2008

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

134

124

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These questions were used to screen out anyone with potential Beverage rating. All participants completed a beverage rating scale (eg Fillmore and Vogel-Sprott, 2000) to report the perceived alcoholic content of their beverages in terms of 344-ml bottles of beer containing 5% alcohol. The scale ranged from 0-10 bottles of beer, in 0.5 bottle increments.…”

Section: Apparatus and Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropsychological Profile of Acute Alcohol Intoxication during Ascending and Descending Blood Alcohol Concentrations

Schweizer

Vogel‐Sprott

Danckert

et al. 2005

Neuropsychopharmacol

115

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Numerous studies have investigated the effects of alcohol on motor processes during rising and declining blood alcohol concentrations (BAC), however, relatively little research has examined the alcohol-induced impairment of cognitive performance on the two limbs of the BAC curve. This experiment administered a neuropsychological test battery to assess the degree to which rising and declining BACs during an acute dose of alcohol impair nine cognitive processes within an individual. In all, 20 healthy male social drinkers (university students) were assigned to one of two groups (n ¼ 10) who received a beverage containing either 0.0 g/kg (placebo) or 0.65 g/kg alcohol and performed the test battery when BAC was increasing and was decreasing. Comparisons of alcohol and placebo groups revealed impairment (slower response and/or increased errors) in seven of the cognitive processes: long-term verbal memory; information processing; declarative memory; inhibitory control; short-term visual memory; long-term visual memory, and visual-spatial working memory. However, some processes were impaired only during rising BACs whereas the impairment of others during declining BACs was evident only by an increase in errors. These results show cognitive tasks performed by an individual are not similarly affected by rising and declining BACs, and call attention to the importance of assessing both speed and accuracy on both limbs of the BAC curve. The particular cognitive processes differentially affected by rising vs declining BACs raised the possibility that acute alcohol intoxication may impair one cerebral hemisphere to a greater degree than the other, and this could be explored by neuroimaging techniques.

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“…However, these are rare, and only occur to approximately 5% of the go-signals under alcohol (Fillmore and Vogel-Sprott, 2000;Mulvihill et al, 1997), and drug-free .…”

Section: 22mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of d-amphetamine in human models of information processing and inhibitory control

Fillmore

Kelly

Martin

2005

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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Although stimulants are generally associated with enhanced information processing, reports of stimulant effects on behavioral functions that rely on inhibitory processes have been inconsistent. The present research tested the joint effects of d-amphetamine on information processing and inhibitory control in healthy adults (N = 22) with no reported history of illicit stimulant use or drug dependence. Information processing was measured by a rapid information processing (RIP) task and inhibitory control was measured using a stop-signal task. Performance was measured in response to 15 mg/70 kg, 7.5 mg/70 kg, and 0 mg/70 mg (placebo) doses of d-amphetamine, administered double-blind in a randomized, within-subjects design. Results showed that damphetamine improved information processing in a dose-dependent manner. By contrast, no enhancement of response inhibition was observed. Stimulant effects were also observed in physiological and subjective effects measures. The findings indicate that a stimulant drug can enhance aspects of cognitive functioning without producing a concomitant improvement in inhibitory control of behavior. The findings highlight the complex nature of stimulant effects on human behavior and the utility of performance tasks as models of complex behavioral and cognitive functions.

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Response inhibition under alcohol: effects of cognitive and motivational conflict.

Cited by 170 publications

References 13 publications

Acute disinhibiting effects of alcohol as a factor in risky driving behavior

Acute disinhibiting effects of alcohol as a factor in risky driving behavior

Neuropsychological Profile of Acute Alcohol Intoxication during Ascending and Descending Blood Alcohol Concentrations

Effects of d-amphetamine in human models of information processing and inhibitory control

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