Response of Bean and Tobacco to Ozone: Effect of Light Intensity, Temperature and Relative Humidity

Dunning, John A.; Heck, Walter W.

doi:10.1080/00022470.1977.10470507

Cited by 28 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…It has been shown with pinto beans (Heck & Dunning, 1967;Dunning & Heck, 1973, 1977 and pine seedlings (Davis & Wood, 1973) that high compared with low light levels during a growth period before exposure to ozone reduce the effect of ozone. High light during exposure, however, increases the effect because of increased stomatal aperture and increased ozone uptake (Adepipe, Khatamian & Ormrod, 1973;Reich, 1987).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of low ozone concentrations on growth of Betula pubescens Ehrh., Betula verrucosa Ehrh. and Alnus incana (L.) Moench

Mortensen

Skre

1990

New Phytologist

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summary Seedlings of Betula pubescens, Betula verrucosa and Alnus incana were grown for 50 days in growth chambers at four ozone concentrations (25, 35, 53 and 82 nl 1 −1) fot 7 h day−1. Shoot and root dry weight decreased almost linearly with increasing ozone concentration in the three species. Shoot/root and leaf/stem dry weight ratios were unaffected by ozone concentration, while leaf senescence was significantly enhanced by increasing the concentration. Visible ozone injury was observed at 53 nl 1−1 and above.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of low ozone concentrations on growth of Betula pubescens Ehrh., Betula verrucosa Ehrh. and Alnus incana (L.) Moench

Mortensen

Skre

1990

New Phytologist

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“…There are several reasons for this. First, expression of symptoms is affected by environment, especially soil water deficit, vapour pressure deficit, light, temperature (Sand, 1960 ;Shinohara et al, 1973 ;Dunning & Heck, 1977 ;Keitel & Erhardt, 1987 ;Showman, 1991) and possibly u.v.-B radiation (Thalmair et al, 1995). In a recent study, Balls, Palmer-Brown & Sanders (1996) used artificial neural networks to examine the effects of microclimate on the threshold ozone dose for visible injury in Trifolium subterraneum.…”

Section: Visible Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of ozone on wild plants

1998

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Although there is a great deal of concern about the effects of human activities on biodiversity, until recently there has been very little interest in the effects of ozone on the species that constitute the major part of the flora, the diverse herbaceous and shrubby species of natural and semi-natural communities. However, many wild species have been shown to be at least as sensitive to ozone as crops that show significant yield losses, so there is a pressing need for an evaluation of the risk to wild species posed by ozone. This review attempts to assess progress and highlight problems. It begins with a comment on semantics, discusses the difficulties involved in measuring relative ozone resistance and then proceeds to consider the effects of ozone on growth and resource allocation. The evidence for evolution of resistance is appraised and then the potential effects of several interactions (cutting\grazing, competition, soil water deficit and nutrition) are considered. The review ends with some remarks on observation of oxidant-induced changes in ecosystems.

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“…Bel W3 concluded that injury response of indicator plants to O 3 exposure is modified by climate and soil conditions to varying degrees depending upon the species. 26,27,[30][31][32] When these important latent variables (i.e., climate, soil, and species) were excluded in the regression model to relate plant response to exposure, it was extremely difficult to draw any valid conclusions as to the causative nature of O 3 exposure to plant response. 33 It is not possible to infer the relative role of mid-and higherrange O 3 concentrations in biological response or to extrapolate the risk of O 3 exposure to other plant species over a growing season.…”

Section: Results and Discussion Design And Data Analysis Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Concentration and Time of Day in Developing Ozone Exposure Indices for a Secondary Standard

Hogsett

1999

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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Evidence from exposure-response studies and a turbulent transfer model demonstrate that plant response is differential to concentration, duration, temporal pattern, and time of day of exposure. Reductions in productivity of crops and trees as seedlings are greater when plants are exposed to higher daytime ozone (O 3 ) concentrations (0800-2000 hr standard time) or for longer durations. Primary evidence on the greater role of concentration comes from exposure-response experiments where plants are exposed to a series of pollutant concentrations in open-top chambers under field conditions. These studies demonstrate that the integrated exposure indices that give preferential weight to higher concentrations are better predictors of response than mean or peak indices. Evidence suggesting that midrange O 3 concentrations (0.05-0.09 parts per million, ppm) play a greater role than higher concentrations (>0.09 ppm) in biological response could not be justified. The time of day when O 3 concentrations and atmospheric and stomatal conductances of gas exchange are optimal is a key to understanding plant response because plants respond only to O 3 entering the leaf via stomata. A turbulent transfer model that describes the resistance of pollutant gas exchange from the atmosphere to the boundary layer of a forest canopy, as a function of micrometeorological variables, is developed IMPLICATIONS Tropospheric O 3 , the primary photochemical oxidant in ambient air, is the most important pollutant affecting plant productivity in the United States. O 3 concentrations and atmospheric and stomatal properties that govern the diffusion of O 3 from the atmosphere to the leaf interior via stomata display diurnal and seasonal variations over the growing season. The assignment of ecological effects of O 3 implied by exposure-response and micrometeorological studies to a specific time of day and range of O 3 concentrations has implications for the process of setting a secondary O 3 standard.

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Response of Bean and Tobacco to Ozone: Effect of Light Intensity, Temperature and Relative Humidity

Cited by 28 publications

References 16 publications

Effects of low ozone concentrations on growth of Betula pubescens Ehrh., Betula verrucosa Ehrh. and Alnus incana (L.) Moench

Effects of low ozone concentrations on growth of Betula pubescens Ehrh., Betula verrucosa Ehrh. and Alnus incana (L.) Moench

Effects of ozone on wild plants

Role of Concentration and Time of Day in Developing Ozone Exposure Indices for a Secondary Standard

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