Response of Bone Turnover Markers and Cytokines to High-Intensity Low-Impact Exercise

Mezil, Yasmeen; Allison, David J.; Kish, Kimberly; Ditor, David S.; Ward, Wendy E.; Tsiani, Evangelia; Klentrou, Panagiota

doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000000555

Cited by 68 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…This type of catabolic-anabolic coupling is in line with previous findings of reduced IGF-1 levels shortly following intense aerobic training in adolescents [21]. It is also parallel to the acute inflammatory response immediately post-exercise [20], followed by a general reduced inflammatory status following training [22]. Thus, the immediate increase in PTH and sclerostin may reflect an initial catabolic response, which is later followed by an anabolic response to exercise.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Of note, one may also speculate that the exercise session resulted in an initial catabolic response, especially in men, to be followed later by an anabolic response. Indeed, immediately following intense exercise, Mezil et al [20] demonstrated elevated bone resorption markers in young men. Twenty-four hours following exercise, we observed an increase in bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, reflecting an increase in bone formation, in both boys and men [12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differential sclerostin and parathyroid hormone response to exercise in boys and men

et al. 2015

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Summary Physical exercise benefits bone structure and mineralization, especially in children. Immediately following high-impact exercise, PTH increased and returned to resting values within 24 h in both groups, while sclerostin increased in men but not in boys. The underlying mechanisms and implication of this age-related differential response are unclear. Introduction Circulating sclerostin, a negative regulator of bone, decreases during puberty and increases in adulthood. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is inversely related to sclerostin. In mice, sclerostin decreases following 24 h of mechanical stimulation. Its response to exercise in humans and, especially in children, in whom high-impact physical exercise benefits bone structure and mineralization is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the acute response of sclerostin to a single exercise session of high mechanical loading and the corresponding changes in PTH in boys and men. Methods Twelve boys (10.2±0.4 years old) and 17 young men (22.7±0.8 years old) underwent a protocol of plyometric exercises (total 144 jumps). Blood samples were collected pre-, 5 min, 1 h, and 24 h post-exercise. Results Boys had significantly higher resting values of sclerostin compared with men (150±37 vs. 111±34 pg/ml, respectively, p=0.006). Following exercise, sclerostin markedly increased in men but this response was attenuated in boys (at 5 min: 51±38 vs. 14±21 %, respectively, p=0.005). PTH levels were similar in boys and men at rest and throughout the 24-h study period, increasing significantly (p<0.001) 5 min after exercise, decreasing after 60 min post-exercise and returning to resting values within 24 h. Conclusion Although the PTH response was similar in boys and men, the sclerostin response was greater in men. The combined increases in PTH and sclerostin immediately post-exercise appear contrary to the accepted osteogenic effect of exercise. The underlying mechanisms and full implication of the differential response between children and adults need to be further examined.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential sclerostin and parathyroid hormone response to exercise in boys and men

et al. 2015

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“…We measured insulin levels and found no significant changes. Additionally, it should be noted that the serum used in the present study was assessed for cytokine levels previously [42]. IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-10, IL6, and TNF-α levels were found to be increased 5 min post-exercise and returned to baseline levels 1 h and 24 h post-exercise [42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Inhibition of Human Lung Cancer Cell Proliferation and Survival by Post-Exercise Serum Is Associated with the Inhibition of Akt, mTOR, p70 S6K, and Erk1/2

Kurgan

Tsakiridis

Kouvelioti

et al. 2017

Cancers

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Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 85% of all lung cancer cases, and for the most cancer-related deaths. The survival pathway of Akt, its downstream effectors, the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70 S6K), and the Ras-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk1/2) pathways are activated in cancer leading to cell survival and growth. Thus, approaches that inhibit these signaling molecules may prove useful in the fight against lung cancer. Exercise is associated with health benefits and a limited number of studies indicate that serum from physically active individuals inhibit mammary and prostate cancer cell growth. In this study, we examined the effects of post exercise serum on proliferation, survival, and signaling cascades of human NSCLC cells. Blood was collected from male subjects prior to, 5 min, 1 h, and 24 h after a single bout of high intensity interval exercise on a cycle ergometer. Exposure of NSCLC cells to post exercise serum resulted in the inhibition of cell proliferation and survival, as well as significant reduction of phosphorylated/activated Akt, mTOR, p70 S6K, and Erk1/2 levels compared to cells treated with serum taken pre-exercise. Our data suggest that post exercise serum has anti-cancer properties in lung cancer and deserves further systematic investigation in animal models.

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“…Although it is easier to understand the lack of effect for low-level exercise because a threshold of strain is needed, it is hard to understand why a high level of exercise failed to affect either bone formation or bone resorption [56][57][58]. Previous studies have shown that excessive exercise could lead to an increase in bone resorption.…”

Section: Exercise Improved Bone Mass and Strength By Suppressing Bonementioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of different intensities of exercise and active vitamin D on mouse bone mass and bone strength

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2016

J Bone Miner Metab

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Physical exercise is beneficial to bone health. However, little is known how different intensities of exercise affect bone mass and strength. In the present study, we used young mice to study the effects of different intensities of exercise on bone mass and bone strength in comparison to pharmacological doses of active vitamin D (calcitriol). We found that only the medium level of exercise tested showed a positive effect on bone mineral density, trabecular bone volume, and bone strength, which are attributable to a decrease in bone resorption and an increase in bone formation, with the latter being accompanied by an increase in the number of osteogenic mesenchymal stem cells in the bone marrow. Calcitriol increases bone volume and bone strength, yet the combination of calcitriol and medium-intensity exercise did not further improve bone mass or strength. Moreover, calcitriol also showed some protective effect on the bone in mice with high levels of exercise. These results indicate that exercise at medium intensity increases bone mass and strength via affecting both bone formation and resorption and that its beneficial effects on bone mass cannot be further improved by calcitriol.

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Response of Bone Turnover Markers and Cytokines to High-Intensity Low-Impact Exercise

Abstract: These results suggest that HIE stimulates a response in bone turnover markers and cytokines and that a correlation exists between immune and skeletal responses to this form of exercise. This type of exercise may benefit individuals for whom high-impact exercise might be contraindicated.

Cited by 68 publications

References 33 publications

Differential sclerostin and parathyroid hormone response to exercise in boys and men

Differential sclerostin and parathyroid hormone response to exercise in boys and men

Inhibition of Human Lung Cancer Cell Proliferation and Survival by Post-Exercise Serum Is Associated with the Inhibition of Akt, mTOR, p70 S6K, and Erk1/2

The effects of different intensities of exercise and active vitamin D on mouse bone mass and bone strength

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