Response of Different <i>Agrobacterium Rhizogenes</i> Strains for <i>in vitro</i> Hairy Root Induction and Accumulation of Rosmarinic Acid Production in <i>Agastache Rugosa</i>

Abstract

In this study a total of seven different Agrobacterium rhizogenes strains were evaluated for their ability to transform the plant Agastache rugosa and to produce the secondary metabolite rosmarinic acid. All the strains of A. rhizogenes i.e., 13333, 15834, A 4, LBA9402, R1000, R1200 and R1601 strains tested here in this study, were able to induce hairy root formation in leaf tissue explants. The strain A 4 had the highest rate of infection (94.1±8.3%) and the strain R1000 had the lowest rate (88.6±6.9%). The highest frequency of hairy roots per explant (13.6±1.4) was found for strain R1601 and the tallest root length (20.4±1.7 mm) was found for strain 13333. We also evaluated dry weight and level of rosmarinic acid in the hairy roots and found that the highest growth (310.1±14.6 mg/flask) was occurred after infection with strain R1200, while the highest production of rosmarinic acid (68.2±3.8 mg/g dry weight) was noted using strain 13333. Our study showed that A. rhizogenes strain 13333 was the most effective of the 7 tested strains for production of transformed root cultures as well as rosmarinic acid in the hairy roots.

Effects of various Agrobacterium rhizogenes strains on hairy root induction and analyses of primary and secondary metabolites in Ocimum basilicum

“…Several previous studies have stated that the A4 strain can be used to induce HR in medicinal plants, such as Aesculus hippocastanum ( Zdravković-Korać et al., 2004 ), Boerhaavia diffusa ( Gupta et al., 2016 ), Catharanthus roseus ( Batra et al., 2004 ), Gentiana macrophylla ( Tiwari et al., 2007 ), Hypericum perforatum ( Vinterhalter et al., 2006 ), O. basilicum ( Srivastava et al., 2016a ; Abadi et al., 2020 ; Pandey et al., 2022 ), Rhaponticum carthamoides ( Skała et al., 2015 ), and Scutellaria baicalensis ( Tiwari et al., 2008 ). Among the different strains tested for HR induction and SM production in the plants such as A. rugosa , F. tataricum , M. alba , the most effective strains were A. rhizogenes ATCC 13333, R1000, and LBA9402, respectively ( Thwe et al., 2016 ; Park et al., 2017a ; Park et al., 2017b ).…”

“…This supports the results of our study, which showed that the lowest rosmarinic acid content was obtained in the ATCC 15834 infected strain. In another study, A. rugosa transformed with different Agrobacterium strains showed that ATCC 13333 strain is suitable for increasing rosmarinic acid production ( Park et al., 2017b ). In F. tataricum , the highest total phenolic content was observed in the R1000 strain.…”

“…Previous studies have reported that the HR induced by different strains of Agrobacterium displayed differential accumulation of rosmarinic acid, betulin, and betulinic acid in Agastache rugosa and Morus alba , respectively ( Park et al., 2017a ; Park et al., 2017b ). Thwe et al., 2016 reported that different A. rhizogenes strains induce different levels of HR and SM production, which lead to differential expression of phenylpropanoid pathway genes in Fagopyrum tataricum .…”