Response ofEriophorum vaginatumto CO2enrichment at different soil temperatures: effects on growth, root respiration and PO43−uptake kinetics

BassiriRad, Hormoz; Tissue, David T.; Reynolds, James F.; Chapin, F. Stuart

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1996.tb01909.x

Cited by 33 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Although similar results have been observed in other ecosystems (George et al 2003, Tjoelker et al 1999, contrary results have also been reported (Janssens et al 1998, Edwards & Norby 1999, BassiriRad et al 1996, making broad statements on how elevated CO 2 affects root respiration difficult to infer. However, nitrogen contents of A. dumosa and L. tridentata roots sampled from the elevated CO 2 plots at the NDFF are not significantly different from those from ambient CO 2 plots (Nowak et al unpublished data), and L. tridentata root nitrogen was also not affected in our greenhouse experiment after 10 months of CO 2 treatment (Table 4).…”

Section: The Nevada Desert Face Facilitymentioning

confidence: 34%

Effects of Elevated Co2 on Root Function and Soil Respiration in a Mojave Desert Ecosystem

Nowak¹

2007

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SUMMARYKey results from our research on responses of plants to elevated atmospheric CO 2 at the Nevada Desert FACE Facility (NDFF) and under controlled environment conditions include: Root Structure and FunctionMeasurements of root physiological characteristics and of arbuscular mycorrhizae indicate that:• Root respiration rates of two Mojave Desert shrubs, Ambrosia dumosa and Larrea tridentata, at the Nevada Desert FACE Facility (NDFF) over five growing seasons and L. tridentata seedlings in a greenhouse experiment were not significantly affected by elevated CO 2 .• The combination of elevated CO 2 and phosphorus reduction in greenhouse studies did not affect root growth or activity.• Specific root length was not significantly affected by CO 2 .• Extraradical hyphae (ERH) of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) varied seasonally, with ERH significantly lower at the end of the year. However, percent root colonization was not affected by sample date. These seasonal patterns of AMF are likely due to greater shrub demands for nutrients early in the year rather than changes in soil moisture.• AMF root colonization or ERH did not vary among soils beneath two shrubs, Ambrosia dumosa and Larrea tridentata, and their associated interspaces.• Beneath L. tridentata, immunoreactive glomalin related soil protein (IRSP) concentrations were significantly greater than all other microsites, and IRSP declined significantly over the year in L. tridentata soils. Significantly higher IRSP concentrations in the spring under L. tridentata may be due to turnover of residual ERH produced in the preceding wet year.• AMF root colonization, ERH lengths, and IRSP concentrations were not different between CO 2 treatments after 9 years of CO 2 treatment for samples collected in the spring and fall from three microsites: beneath Larrea tridentata and Ambrosia dumosa canopies and within shrub interspaces. Thus, our results from both the greenhouse and field experiment suggest that root systems of these species have not altered carbon use for respiration processes on a root length basis, nor have they grown in size to compensate for any nutrient limitations imposed by carbon fertilization. Furthermore, neither species showed increased allocation to arbuscular mycorrhizae under elevated CO 2 . AMF appear to explore all areas of the Mojave Desert equally even though nutrient availability varies considerably among microsites. Stimulated nitrogen cycling by other soil microbes in elevated CO 2 plots may eliminate the need for greater production of AMF by increasing nutrient availability in this system. Root GrowthMinirhizotron measurements of root growth reveal that:• Fine roots accumulate over long time periods in the Mojave Desert.• Elevated CO 2 had transitory effects on the accumulation of fine roots, where standing crop of fine roots accumulated to a larger extent under elevated CO 2 for up to 5 months. 1• The transitory greater accumulation of fine roots under elevated CO 2 was primarily due to lower rates of root loss through time.• After a we...

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Section: The Nevada Desert Face Facilitymentioning

confidence: 34%

Effects of Elevated Co2 on Root Function and Soil Respiration in a Mojave Desert Ecosystem

Nowak¹

2007

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“…Replenishment of carbohydrate reserves following burning or cutting of woody plants may require 1-2 years (Bell and Pate 1996;Kays and Canham 1991;Miyanishi and Kellman 1986). Since atmospheric CO 2 concentration is known to have large effects on plant carbohydrate status (Cruz et al 1997;Bassirirad et al 1996;den Hertog et al 1996;Read and Morgan 1996;Körner and Miglietta 1994), increasing levels of CO 2 may have important implications for plant responses to fire. Atmospheric CO 2 has been increasing since last century and is expected to reach twice preindustrial levels by the end of the twenty-first century (Houghton 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Elevated CO 2 enhances resprouting of a tropical savanna tree

et al. 2000

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The savannas (cerrado) of south-central Brazil are currently subjected to frequent anthropogenic burning, causing widespread reduction in tree density. Increasing concentrations of atmospheric CO could reduce the impact of such frequent burning by increasing the availability of nonstructural carbohydrate, which is necessary for resprouting. We tested the hypotheses that elevated CO stimulates resprouting and accelerates replenishment of carbohydrate reserves. Using a factorial experiment, seedlings of a common Brazilian savanna tree, Keilmeyera coriacea, were grown at 350 ppm and 700 ppm CO and at two nutrient levels. To simulate burning, the plants were either clipped at 15 weeks or were left unclipped. Among unclipped plants, CO and nutrients both stimulated growth, with no significant interaction between nutrient and CO effects. Among clipped plants, both CO and nutrients stimulated resprouting. However, there was a strong interaction between CO and nutrient effects, with CO having a significant effect only in the presence of high nutrient availability. Under elevated CO, carbohydrate reserves remained at higher levels following clipping. Root total nonstructural carbohydrate remained above 36% in all treatments, so carbohydrate reserves did not limit regrowth. These results indicate that under elevated CO this species may be better able to endure the high frequency of anthropogenic burning in the Brazilian savannas.

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“…rubens, Achnatherum hymenoides, and Pleuraphis rigida (Yoder et al, 2000). Although similar results have been observed in other ecosystems (Tjoelker et al, 1999;George et al, 2003), contrary results have also been reported (BassiriRad et al, 1996;Janssens et al, 1998;Edwards & Norby, 1999), making generalizations on how elevated CO 2 affects root respiration difficult. Nitrogen contents of A. dumosa and L. tridentata roots sampled from the elevated CO 2 plots at the NDFF are not significantly different from those from ambient CO 2 plots (R.S.…”

Section: Elevated Comentioning

confidence: 44%

The effects of elevated CO₂ on root respiration rates of two Mojave Desert shrubs

Clark¹,

Apple²,

Nowak³

2010

Global Change Biology

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Although desert ecosystems are predicted to be the most responsive to elevated CO 2 , low nutrient availability may limit increases in productivity and cause plants in deserts to allocate more resources to root biomass or activity for increased nutrient acquisition. We measured root respiration of two Mojave Desert shrubs, Ambrosia dumosa and Larrea tridentata, grown under ambient ($ 375 ppm) and elevated ($ 517 ppm) CO 2 concentrations at the Nevada Desert FACE Facility (NDFF) over five growing seasons. In addition, we grew L. tridentata seedlings in a greenhouse with similar CO 2 treatments to determine responses of primary and lateral roots to an increase in CO 2 . In both field and greenhouse studies, root respiration was not significantly affected by elevated CO 2 . However, respiration of A. dumosa roots o1 month old was significantly greater than respiration of A. dumosa roots between 1 and 4 months old. For both shrub species, respiration rates of very fine (o1.0 mm diameter) roots were significantly greater than those of fine (1-2 mm diameter) roots, and root respiration decreased as soil water decreased. Because specific root length was not significantly affected by CO 2 and because field minirhizotron measurements of root production were not significantly different, we infer that root growth at the NDFF has not increased with elevated CO 2 . Furthermore, other studies at the NDFF have shown increased nutrient availability under elevated CO 2 , which reduces the need for roots to increase scavenging for nutrients. Thus, we conclude that A. dumosa and L. tridentata root systems have not increased in size or activity, and increased shoot production observed under elevated CO 2 for these species does not appear to be constrained by the plant's root growth or activity.

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Response ofEriophorum vaginatumto CO₂enrichment at different soil temperatures: effects on growth, root respiration and PO₄³⁻uptake kinetics

Cited by 33 publications

References 49 publications

Effects of Elevated Co2 on Root Function and Soil Respiration in a Mojave Desert Ecosystem

Effects of Elevated Co2 on Root Function and Soil Respiration in a Mojave Desert Ecosystem

Elevated CO 2 enhances resprouting of a tropical savanna tree

The effects of elevated CO₂ on root respiration rates of two Mojave Desert shrubs

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Response ofEriophorum vaginatumto CO2enrichment at different soil temperatures: effects on growth, root respiration and PO43−uptake kinetics

Cited by 33 publications

References 49 publications

Effects of Elevated Co2 on Root Function and Soil Respiration in a Mojave Desert Ecosystem

Effects of Elevated Co2 on Root Function and Soil Respiration in a Mojave Desert Ecosystem

Elevated CO 2 enhances resprouting of a tropical savanna tree

The effects of elevated CO2 on root respiration rates of two Mojave Desert shrubs

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Response ofEriophorum vaginatumto CO₂enrichment at different soil temperatures: effects on growth, root respiration and PO₄³⁻uptake kinetics

The effects of elevated CO₂ on root respiration rates of two Mojave Desert shrubs