Response of nephelometric turbidity to hydrodynamic particle size of fine suspended sediment

Bright, Christina; Mager, Sarah; Horton, S.L.

doi:10.1016/j.ijsrc.2020.03.006

Cited by 40 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…For example, when the % wt of sand increases in suspended sediment samples, the slope coefficient is steeper (e.g., Weak Volcaniclastic, Westland Schist, Fiordland Gneiss). The linear slope coefficient of SS–turbidity is inversely proportional to K , so that the relationship between % wt of sand and the slope coefficient (Beta) is the inverse to that of Figure 4b; see also: Bright et al (2020).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Natural sediments are a complex mixture of size, shape and density, and/or organic composition, and the light scattering response is dependent upon the properties of the SS. The cumulative effect of the heterogeneous size, shape, and composition of natural river sediments inevitably introduces noise into turbidity measurements due to irregular light scattering off irregular particles, and may make turbidity–SS ratings unstable (e.g., Bright & Mager, 2016; Bright, Mager, & Horton, 2020; Davies‐Colley et al, 2014; Davies‐Colley & Smith, 2001; Foster, Millington, & Grew, 1992; Gipple, 1989, 1995; Holliday, Rasmussen, & Miller, 2003; Hughes, Davies‐Colley, & Elliot, 2015; Merten, Capel, & Minella, 2014; Sadar, 1998). Consequently, poor SS–turbidity ratings derived from noisy turbidity measurements reduces the reliability, and predictability, of turbidity for sediment ratings both between locations, and on temporal time scales at individual sites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A national‐scale study of spatial variability in the relationship between turbidity and suspended sediment concentration and sediment properties

Bright

Mager

2020

River Research & Apps

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Turbidity, an index of light side-scattering, depends on the mass concentration of suspended sediment (SS) within water. Turbidity of river water is regulated by the presence of suspended particulate matter and is used to identify visual changes in response to SS. We used data from the New Zealand National River Water Quality Network, to calculate "specific turbidity" (K; turbidity normalised to mass concentration of suspended particulates). Specific turbidity is shown here to be an effective metric to assess the effect of suspended material composition and particle size distribution of suspended particulate matter over different landscape characteristics, and the effect on SS-turbidity relationships. Of the catchment characteristics considered in our study, specific turbidity was most responsive to lithological factors, and relatively insensitive to land use and soil parameters. Decreasing particle size has a positive linear response to K, attributed to the higher proportion of ultra-fine particulate material that is generated by certain lithologies, underscoring the lithological influence on K. SS-turbidity relationships, therefore, vary spatially across New Zealand's national record of water clarity, and K is considered a useful index for intercatchment comparison of SS than turbidity alone.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A national‐scale study of spatial variability in the relationship between turbidity and suspended sediment concentration and sediment properties

Bright

Mager

2020

River Research & Apps

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“…The turbidity and suspended sediment concentration (SSC) are correlated [35][36][37][38][39][40], and turbidity can be used as a surrogate for suspended sediment concentration (SSC) [41]. Since the observed sediment transport data in the Atsuma River basin is absent, the change of sediment transport can be judged by analyzing the relationship and correlation between turbidity and sediment transport.…”

Section: Sediment Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research of Impacts of the 2018 Hokkaido Eastern Iburi Earthquake on Sediment Transport in the Atsuma River Basin Using the SWAT Model

Chen

Nakatsugawa

Ohashi

2021

Water

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Landslides, debris flows, and other secondary disasters caused by earthquakes threaten the safety and stability of river basins. Earthquakes occur frequently in Japan. Therefore, it is necessary to study the impact of earthquakes on sediment transport in river basins. In this study, considering the influence of reservoirs, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool-calibration and uncertainty program (SWAT-CUP) was employed to analyze the runoff parameter sensitivity and to optimize the parameters. We manually corrected the sediment transport parameters after earthquake, using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model to assess the process of runoff and sediment transport in the Atsuma River basin before and after the 2018 Hokkaido Eastern Iburi Earthquake. The applicability of the SWAT model to runoff simulation in the Atsuma River basin and the changes of sediment transport process after the earthquake were studied. The research results show that the SWAT model can accurately simulate the runoff process in the Atsuma River basin, the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient (NSE) is 0.61 in the calibration period, and is 0.74 in the verification period. The sediment transport increased greatly after the earthquake and it is roughly estimated that the amount of sediment transport per unit rainfall increased from 3.5 tons/mm/year before the earthquake to 6.2 tons/mm/year after the earthquake.

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“…The optical scattering technique is extensively used in the in situ detection of the suspended particles in the aquatic suspensions due to the non-invading and high resolution. A turbidimeter is used to measure the degree to which the suspension obstructs the propagation of light beam and further to evaluate the water quality, which is based on the side scattering measurement of the suspension [7]. Scattering of the suspension has a directional variability quantitatively described by the volume scattering function (VSF), and the commercial product, LISST-VSF, can achieve underwater measurements of VSF [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Second, the convergent beam limits the scattering volume and ensures the individual measurement of suspended particles [14]. However, similar to the optical tools mentioned above [7][8][9], the convergence of the beam suffers from particle scattering in water, which would possibly limit the application of the PLST. It is necessary to investigate the convergent light beam which is subjected to the constraints of the suspension's physical properties and the measurement manner.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Convergence of illuminating beams suffering from scattering during the individual measurement of suspended particles

Deng

Guo

et al. 2022

Front. Phys.

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The convergent illuminating beam is the key factor during the individual measurement of suspended particles in aquatic suspensions. When the illuminating beam propagates in the suspension, the particle scattering in the optical path may destroy the convergence of the illuminating beam, especially in suspensions with a high particle concentration. In this paper, using the Monte Carlo simulation, the convergence of the illuminating beam is investigated by changing the physical properties of particles, such as size and concentration, and the optical path length of the illuminating beam. A dimensionless quantity, as the product of the scattering coefficient of suspension and the optical path length, is found to determine the achievement of the convergent beam. Moreover, an individual measurement setup based on the convergence of the illuminating beam is used to measure polystyrene microspheres with different concentrations. The experiment results are consistent with those of the simulations. Furthermore, improvement strategies are proposed and proved to effectively keep the convergence of the illuminating beam in turbid water. The results in this work can provide clues for designing a similar optical apparatus used in aquatic environment monitoring.

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Response of nephelometric turbidity to hydrodynamic particle size of fine suspended sediment

Cited by 40 publications

References 37 publications

A national‐scale study of spatial variability in the relationship between turbidity and suspended sediment concentration and sediment properties

A national‐scale study of spatial variability in the relationship between turbidity and suspended sediment concentration and sediment properties

Research of Impacts of the 2018 Hokkaido Eastern Iburi Earthquake on Sediment Transport in the Atsuma River Basin Using the SWAT Model

Convergence of illuminating beams suffering from scattering during the individual measurement of suspended particles

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