Response of pancreatic secretions to feeding diets with low and high levels of soybean trypsin inhibitors in growing pigs

Li, Shaoyan; Sauer, W. C.; Huang, Scott L.; Hardin, R. T.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0010(199803)76:3<347::aid-jsfa954>3.0.co;2-8

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The differences were significant (P<0.01) for chymotrypsin and lipase. These results are in general agreement with previous studies (Li et al,1996) in which the volume of pancreatic secretion and total protein secretion were higher (P < 0.05) during the second experimental period. Furthermore, the total activities of a-amylase and chymotrypsin were also higher in period 2 than 1 although not significant.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Exocrine pancreatic secretions in growing pigs fed diets containing different levels of protein from soyabean meal

Li¹,

Sauer²,

Huang³

et al. 1997

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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Six barrows, average initial BW 20.2 + 0.9 kg, were fitted with a pancreatic pouch re-entrant cannula. Following a 14-d recuperation period, the pigs were fed two diets according to a crossover design, twice daily. Two maize starch-based diets were formulated to contain 12 and 24% CP from soyabean meal. The experiment consisted of 2 periods of 12 d each. The average BW at the start of periods 1 and 2 were 24.0+ 1.1 and 31.3 + 2.6 kg, respectively. The average BW at the conclusion of the experiment was 40.2 +1.6 kg. The daily volume of secretion was slightly higher (P < 0.05) in pigs fed the low compared with the high protein diet. There were no differences (P>0.05) in total protein output in pancreatic juice although the protein concentration (g/1" 1) was higher (P<0.05) in pigs fed the high protein diet. There was no effect (P>0.05) of dietary CP level of the total activities (units 24 h" 1) of chymotrypsin, trypsin, amylase and lipase. The specific activities (units f') of chymotrypsin and amylase were higher (P < 0.05) when the high protein diet was fed. An increase in BW augmented (P<0.05) the secretion of volume of pancreatic juice, protein output and total activities of chymotrypsin and lipase. In conclusion, there were no differences in total protein output and total enzyme activities in pancreatic juice when the dietary CP content ranges from 12 to 24%.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Exocrine pancreatic secretions in growing pigs fed diets containing different levels of protein from soyabean meal

Li¹,

Sauer²,

Huang³

et al. 1997

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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“…Means in the same row between the two diets with unlike superscripts differ significantly (P,0•01). * Data were abstracted from Li et al (21) . Two maize starchbased diets were fed which contained 200 g/kg diet from either Nutrisoy (a food-grade defatted soya flour containing active trypsin inhibitors) or autoclaved Nutrisoy (containing reduced amounts of trypsin inhibitors (Table 5).…”

Section: Antinutritional Effects Of Trypsin Inhibitorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Protein and amino acid digestibility and protein quality have been reported to be negatively affected in animal models by the presence of high levels of dietary trypsin inhibitors and other antinutritional factors from soyabeans, kidney beans and other grain legumes ( 5 ) . The effects of feeding a food-grade defatted soya flour (Nutrisoy) and autoclaved Nutrisoy on protein and amino acid digestibility were studied in growing pigs ( 21 ) . The trypsin inhibitor activities in the Nutrisoy and autoclaved Nutrisoy diets were 13·4 and 3·0 g/kg, respectively.…”

Section: Trypsin Inhibitorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Antinutritional Factors in Food Proteins on the Digestibility of Protein and the Bioavailability of Amino Acids and on Protein Quality

2012

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Dietary antinutritional factors have been reported to adversely affect the digestibility of protein, bioavailability of amino acids and protein quality of foods. Published data on these negative effects of major dietary antinutritional factors are summarized in this manuscript. Digestibility and the quality of mixed diets in developing countries are considerably lower than of those in developed regions. For example, the digestibility of protein in traditional diets from developing countries such as India, Guatemala and Brazil is considerably lower compared to that of protein in typical North American diets (54 -78 versus 88-94 %). Poor digestibility of protein in the diets of developing countries, which are based on less refined cereals and grain legumes as major sources of protein, is due to the presence of less digestible protein fractions, high levels of insoluble fibre, and/or high concentrations of antinutritional factors present endogenously or formed during processing. Examples of naturally occurring antinutritional factors include glucosinolates in mustard and canola protein products, trypsin inhibitors and haemagglutinins in legumes, tannins in legumes and cereals, gossypol in cottonseed protein products, and uricogenic nucleobases in yeast protein products. Heat/alkaline treatments of protein products may yield Maillard reaction compounds, oxidized forms of sulphur amino acids, D-amino acids and lysinoalanine (LAL, an unnatural nephrotoxic amino acid derivative). Among common food and feed protein products, soyabeans are the most concentrated source of trypsin inhibitors. The presence of high levels of dietary trypsin inhibitors from soyabeans, kidney beans or other grain legumes have been reported to cause substantial reductions in protein and amino acid digestibility (up to 50 %) and protein quality (up to 100 %) in rats and/or pigs. Similarly, the presence of high levels of tannins in sorghum and other cereals, fababean and other grain legumes can cause significant reductions (up to 23 %) in protein and amino acid digestibility in rats, poultry, and pigs. Normally encountered levels of phytates in cereals and legumes can reduce protein and amino acid digestibility by up to 10 %. D-amino acids and LAL formed during alkaline/heat treatment of lactalbumin, casein, soya protein or wheat protein are poorly digestible (less than 40 %), and their presence can reduce protein digestibility by up to 28 % in rats and pigs, and can cause a drastic reduction (100 %) in protein quality, as measured by rat growth methods. The adverse effects of antinutritional factors on protein digestibility and protein quality have been reported to be more pronounced in elderly rats (20-months old) compared to young (5-weeks old) rats, suggesting the use of old rats as a model for assessing the protein digestibility of products intended for the elderly.

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“…L'activité antitrypsique est exprimée en TIU (Tryspin Inhibited Units) par g ou par mg de produit analysé. Ces méthodes sont moins précises et ne permettent pas une quantification directe des KTI ou BBI, bien que certains auteurs proposent une équivalence en mg de KTI (Li et al, 1998). Globalement, il n'existe pas de méthode rapide de dé-termination de l'AAT, ce qui limite la faisabilité d'un travail systématique de sélection ou l'évaluation d'un grand nombre de conditions environnementales.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Facteurs antitryspiques de la graine de soja : évaluation de la variabilité génotypique dans une collection de référence ; effet du semis précoce et de la réduction de l’irrigation

Paulais¹,

Nourbakhsh-Rey²,

Rooryck

et al. 2015

OCL

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Résumé -La graine de soja, source exceptionnelle de protéines et d'acides gras polyinsaturés, contient de nombreux facteurs antinutritionnels (FAN) qui rendent impossible sa consommation sans traitement préalable. Parmi ces FAN, les facteurs antitrypsiques (FAT) réduisent fortement la croissance des monogastriques en perturbant l'assimilation des protéines et le fonctionnement pancréatique. Les FAT sont de deux types chez le soja : les inhibiteurs de Kunitz (KTI), et les inhibiteurs de Bowman-Birk (BBI). L'introduction d'un allèle KTI nul réduit l'activité antitrypsique (AAT) mais les BBI restants produisent encore une AAT trop élevée pour que la graine soit consommée crue. Les conditions environnementales peuvent aussi fortement influencer l'AAT. L'objectif de ce travail est d'explorer la variabilité dans une collection variétale et d'analyser l'effet d'une modification des pratiques culturales sur l'AAT en utilisant une méthode enzymatique sur microplaque, plus rapide et moins couteuse. L'erreur relative obtenue est de 7 %. Les variétés de la collection ont des AAT de 23 à 60 TIU.mg −1 . Ces AAT ne sont pas corrélées avec la teneur en protéines. Certaines variétés sont probablement porteuses de la mutation KTI nulle, tout en présentant de très fortes teneurs en protéines. L'avancement de la date de semis induit une légère diminution de l'AAT, ce qui montre qu'un tel changement de pratique, tout en préservant la teneur en protéine, serait compatible avec l'amélioration de la qualité de la graine.Mots clés : Soja / Inhibiteurs de trypsine / semis précoce / Glycine max (L.) Merrill Abstract -Trypsin inhibitors in soybean seed: evaluation of genotypic variability in a core collection, effect of very early sowing and reduced irrigation. Soybean seed is a highly edible source of proteins and polyinsaturated fatty acids. However, it contains many antinutritional components (FAN) that pose restriction to the consumption of raw soybean. Among them, trypsin inhibitors (FAT) strongly reduce the growth of monogastric animals by the reduction of protein digestibility and the induction of pancreatic disorders. Two kinds of FAT are found in soybean seed: Kunitz inhibitors (KTI) and Bowman-Birk inhibitors (BBI). The trypsin inhibition activity (AAT) can be reduced by the use of a KTI null allele in breeding programs but the activity due to the BBI peptides remains too high to allow the use of raw soybean in animal feeding. Environmental growth conditions can also influence the seed AAT. The aim of this work was the evaluation of genotypic variability in a core collection and the study of the effect of a modification of the agronomic practices on the AAT of the seed by the use of a faster and cheaper microanalysis. The relative error was 7%. The AAT of the sampled accessions of the core collection was between 23 and 60 TIU.mg −1 . The correlation between AAT and protein content was not significant. Some accessions with a high protein content are probably homozygous for the KTI null allele. Very early sowing induces a slight bu...

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Response of pancreatic secretions to feeding diets with low and high levels of soybean trypsin inhibitors in growing pigs

Cited by 7 publications

References 22 publications

Exocrine pancreatic secretions in growing pigs fed diets containing different levels of protein from soyabean meal

Exocrine pancreatic secretions in growing pigs fed diets containing different levels of protein from soyabean meal

Impact of Antinutritional Factors in Food Proteins on the Digestibility of Protein and the Bioavailability of Amino Acids and on Protein Quality

Facteurs antitryspiques de la graine de soja : évaluation de la variabilité génotypique dans une collection de référence ; effet du semis précoce et de la réduction de l’irrigation

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