Response of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) plant to bio-fertilizer and plant residues in sandy soil

Abstract

Nitrogen (N) fertilizer has been intensively used to improve peanut productivity. However, the high cost of N fertilizer, and the need for sustainable alternative fertilizer sources have increased the strategic importance of nitrogen fixation (NF). Thus, field experiments were conducted in an experimental farm with a drip irrigation system, at the Atomic Energy Authority, Inshas, Egypt, in order to measure the impact of efficiency symbiotic Bradyrhizobium sp. and asymbiotic Azotobacter sp. on NF, from air and soil, in the presence or absence of plant residues on the growth and yield of peanut plant. All treatments received nitrogen fertilizer at a rate of 72 kg N per hectare. Nitrogen dose was applied using ammonium sulphate 15N labeled of 10% atom excess from the peanut. Results indicated that the application of Bradyrhizobium sp. with plant residues significantly increased fresh and dry weight/m2, pod and seed weight/plant−1,100- seed weight, and biological yield kg ha−1, where the highest mean values of seed yield (4648 and 4529 kg ha−1), oil % (52.29 and 52.21%), seed protein percentage (16.09 and 15.89%), as well as nitrogen derived from air (63.14 and 66.20%) in the first and second seasons were recorded under the application of Bradyrhizobium sp, respectively. Bradyrhizobium sp. inoculation showed nearly close portions of Ndfa to those recorded with Azotobacter sp., in both the presence and absence of plant residue application through the two seasons. The investigated yield signs and their properties were significantly enhanced by bacterial inoculation with plant residue application. The present study shows that both possibility of NF of peanut, and nitrogen uptake in the soil are enhanced by field inoculation with effective Bradyrhizobium sp. with plant residue application. In practice, inoculation is a great strategy to improve soil fertility for subsequent planting, since it helps boost the import of nitrogen from plant biomass into the soil.

Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Its Application Timings on the Growth and Yield Traits of Peanut (Arachis Hypogaea L.)

“…Also, plant height during reproductive stages increased due to the formation of a large vegetative and root mass. It increases the ability of plants to absorb more nitrogen, which leads to an increase the activity of hormones and enzymes responsible for cell division and plant elongation (Stefanelli et al, 2010;El-sherbeny et al, 2023).…”

Performance of different fertilizers and plant spacing on the growth of mungbean

“…Plant height might be varied in different crops due to plant spacing; similar findings were also reported by Sefera et al (2021) in mungbean. On the other hand, combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers was created better plant height in groundnut (Mohanty et al, 2022;El-sherbeny et al, 2023) and in green gram (Rajendar et al, 2021) than only inorganic fertilizers application.…”

Response of peanut quality and yield to chicken manure combined with Rhizobium inoculation in sandy soil

“…Further, the soil pH of the treatments with CM amendment was higher than that of inorganic fertilizer application at harvest. According to prior studies by [17,18,40] were proved that animal manures raised soil nutrients and soil pH due to reaction between available anions of animal manures and soil H + ion. Chicken manure remarkably raised the soil pH comparison with the control treatment thank to its lime effect.…”

“…Application of chemical fertilizers change soil pH, which negatively impacts the health of naturally benefit soil microorganisms. These acidity levels of the soil raises and eliminate the microorganisms that are beneficial to plant and soil nutrients as they help to improve the plants' natural defenses against pests and diseases [20].…”

“…Moreover, the number of nodules and the nutritional components such as NPK, protein and oil content of seeds were all increased compared without animal manures addition and Rhizobium sp. inoculants [40,41].…”