Response of radish to multiple stresses

Pell, Eva J.; Winner, William E.; Vinten-Johansen, C.; Mooney, Harold A.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1990.tb00469.x

Cited by 43 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Such a tend has been documented previously (Paakonen et al, 1995) but the converse, an increase in sensitivity under a highnutrient regime, is more frequently reported (Cowling & Koziol, 1982 ;Pell et al, 1990 ;Tjoelker & Luxmoore, 1991). The difference might be due to the relative degree of nutrient limitation.…”

Section: mentioning

confidence: 66%

“…Older reports are reviewed by Cowling & Koziol (1982). More recently, a number of studies have shown that plants grown under a high-nutrient regime are more sensitive to ozone (Pell et al, 1990 ;Tjoelker & Luxmoore, 1991), but in contrast, Paakonen, Holopainen & Karenlampi (1995) reported greater sensitivity of birch trees under nutrient deficiency. Heagle (1979) found greater sensitivity to ozone in plants supplied with moderate amounts of nutrients than in those with a very low or high supply.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of nutrient limitation on the response of Plantago major to ozone

1998

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Most natural and semi-natural communities are limited by major nutrients such as nitrogen (N) or phosphorus (P), but most experiments on the effects of ozone on wild plants have used nutrient-rich composts or soil. In order to investigate interactions between ozone and low nutrient supply, two artificially selected lines (ozone-resistant and ozone-sensitive) of two populations Plantago major ssp. major L. were grown on a sandy loam, with (HN) and without (LN) addition of fertilizer. The soil was from a semi-natural grassland that has never been fertilized. Plants were exposed to either charcoal\Purafil2-filtered air (CF l 5 nl O $ l −" ) or 70 nl O $ 1 −" 7 h d −" from the seedling stage to seed production.Poor growth (c. 25 % of that in HN) of the low-nutrient plants, and leaf concentrations of N and P showed that the LN plants were severely nutrient-limited. In addition to affecting the total dry mass of the plants, the nutrient supply altered seed production, reproductive effort (number of seeds per total mass) and root-to-shoot allocation. Exposure to ozone had significant effects on physiology, growth, and seed production that varied with population, selection line, time, and plant development. There also were significant interactions between ozone effects and nutrient regime. In the Lullington Heath population, ozone reduced plant dry weight at 4 wk only in the LN treatment, and in the sensitive line of the Bush population, seed production was reduced by ozone only in LN. Therefore, contrary to what was expected, in the present experiment, plants given the LN treatment were often more sensitive to ozone than those grown under the high-nutrient regime. This increase in sensitivity was despite the fact that the LN treatment reduced stomatal conductance and ozone flux. It is concluded that there are potentially important interactions between ozone and low nutrient supply that need further investigation, particularly under field conditions.

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Section: mentioning

confidence: 66%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of nutrient limitation on the response of Plantago major to ozone

1998

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“…Several groups, however, have also examined the impact of O3/N interactions on plant growth (Adedipe & Hofstra, 1973;Pell et al, 1990). We examined the interaction between O3 and N on growth of the cultivated radish, Raphanus sativus L. Cherry Belle (Pell et al, 1990). In these studies plants grown with higher rates of N appeared to sustain greater reductions in biomass under O3 stress.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Viroflay plants grown either at optimum or relatively large rates of N, respectively, exhibited greater foliar symptoms in response to O., (Brewer, Buillemet & Creveling, 1961;Leone, Brennan & Daines, 1966). Several groups, however, have also examined the impact of O3/N interactions on plant growth (Adedipe & Hofstra, 1973;Pell et al, 1990). We examined the interaction between O3 and N on growth of the cultivated radish, Raphanus sativus L. Cherry Belle (Pell et al, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen supply as a limiting factor determining the sensitivity of Populus tremuloides Michx. to ozone stress

1995

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SII M M A R YSeedlings of trembling aspen {Populus tremuloides Michx.) were grown at six rates of supplemental nitrogen (N). Five of the N rates were sub-optimal to optimal for growth, whilst the sixth provided an excess of N with no additional growth benefit. The biomass of plants stressed by ozone (O3) in open-top chambers was significantly reduced at optimal rates of N. Plants which received sub-optimal or excess N showed no significant effects of O., on hiomass accumulation. Ozone induced two compensatory responses; increased shoot/root ratio and accelerated senescence, at all N rates. Growth rate was strongly influenced by the amount of N supplied, and O.,-induced reductions in total biomass were highly correlated with growth rate. We concluded that when growth rate was small as a result of N limitation, compensatory responses to O,, stress were sufficient to prevent detectable losses in biomass.

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“…Soil type has also been shown to influence plant response to O.j (Reich et al, 1986;Stroo et al, 1988) and might be a major factor contributing to differential sensitivity to O3. Soil nutrient limitations can intensify the physiological effects of O3 while unlimited nutrient availability might reduce plant response to O3 (Pell et al, 1990;Gorissen, Joosten & Jansen, 199U;Greitner, Pel! & Winner, 1994;Paakkonen & Holopainen, 1995).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal changes in root and soil respiration of ozone‐exposed ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) grown in different substrates

Andersen

1997

New Phytologist

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Exposure to ozone (O,,) has been shown to decrease the allocation of carbon to tree roots. Decreased allocation of carbon to roots might disrupt root metabolism and rhizosphere organisms. The efFects of soil type and shoot O3 exposure on below-ground respiration and soil microbial populations were investigated using container-grown ponderosa pine {Pmus ponderosa Laws.) growing in a low-nutrient soil, or a fertilizer-amended organic potting media, and exposed to one of three levels of O3 for two growing seasons in open-top exposure chambers. A closed system, designed to measure below-ground respiratory activity (CO^ production, O^ consumption and RQRespiration Quotient; (CO^; O.^) of plants growing in pots, was used monthly to monitor below-ground respiration of 3-yr-old ponderosa pine.Although seasonal differences were detected, CO.^ production (//.mol h~' g~' total root d. wt), Oj consumption (/tmol h"' g~' total root d. wt) and RQ (CO.^:O,) increased with increasing O3 exposure level. Seasonal patterns showed increased respiration rates during periods of rapid root growth in spring and early fall. Respiration quotient tended to decrease during known periods of active root growth in control seedlings, but a similar response was not observed in O^-treated seedlings. Responses to O3 were greatest in the soil-grown plants, which had a lower fertility le\'el than media-grown plants. Although root d. wt was decreased, root: shoot ratios did not change in response to O.,. Soil-grown plants had higher root-shoot ratios than media-grown plants, reflecting the lower fertility of the soil.Plant exposure to O3 was found to affect both active and total populations of soil organisms. In both organic potting media and in soil, biomass of active soil fungi, and the ratio of active-fungal to active-bacterial biomass increased with increasing plant exposure to O.j. The effect of O3 on total fungal and bacterial biomass was not linear: at low O., levels, total fungal and bacterial biomass increased; at the high O3 level, total fungal and bacterial biomass decreased compared with those of controls.Our results show that O, exposure to shoots significantly disrupts CO^ production and O, consumption of soil and roots of ponderosa pine seedlings. Below-ground respiratory differences were thought to be a result of changes in respiratory substrates, carbon refixation within the plant and soil microbial activity. Ozone also changes belowground RQ, suggesting that Q., substantially disrupts root metabolism and interactions with rhizosphere organisms. Ozone exposure of ponderosa pine grown in different soil types can disrupt below-ground respiration and influence populations of soil organisms without alteration of biomass partitioning between above-and belowground plant components. Collectively, the effect of O, on the below-ground system is of concern since it is likely that these changes are accompanied by a change in the ability of root systems to acquire nutrient and water resources and possibly to synthesize amino acids and proteins...

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Response of radish to multiple stresses

Cited by 43 publications

References 19 publications

The effects of nutrient limitation on the response of Plantago major to ozone

The effects of nutrient limitation on the response of Plantago major to ozone

Nitrogen supply as a limiting factor determining the sensitivity of Populus tremuloides Michx. to ozone stress

Seasonal changes in root and soil respiration of ozone‐exposed ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) grown in different substrates

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