Response of soil constituents to freeze–thaw cycles in wetland soil solution

Yu, Xiaofei; Zou, Yuanchun; Jiang, Ming; Lü, Xianguo; Wang, Guoping

doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.03.002

Cited by 66 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The WEOC in soil is an important substrate that microbes can utilize (Marion, 1995;Matzner and Borken, 2008). In this study, FTC significantly increased WEOC concentration in the three depths of active layer, which was consistent with other studies (Wang et al, 2013;Yu et al, 2011). Soils in permafrost peatlands contain a vast amount of undecomposed and half-decomposed root litter due to the cold and wet environment.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

CO₂ emissions from soils of different depths of a permafrost peatland, Northeast China: response to simulated freezing–thawing cycles

Wang

Song

Hou

et al. 2014

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

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Soil freezing-thawing cycle (FTC) is an important factor controlling C dynamics in mid-high latitude regions, especially in the permafrost regions impacted by global warming. Nonetheless, the response of C cycling in the deeper active layers of permafrost regions to FTC remains far from certain. We aimed to characterize the emission of CO 2 from soils of multiple depths as impacted by FTC and its relationship with active organic C (OC) and enzyme activities. We collected soil samples from three soil layers (0-15, 15-30, and 30-45 cm) of an undisturbed peatland in the Da Xing'anling Mountains, NE China, and then subjected them to various freezing (10 to -10°C) and thawing (-10 to 10°C) cycles. Soil CO 2 emissions, two active OC fractions, and activities of three enzymes were monitored during incubation periods. At the thawing stage of the first FTC, CO 2 emission rates in the three soil layers presented transient peaks being ≈ 1.6-1.7 times higher than those of the unfrozen control sample. Although FTC did not change the overall patterns of decreasing CO 2 emission along the soil profile, FTC significantly reduced the amount of CO 2 emission when compared with the unfrozen control sample, possibly because the small CO 2 emission at the freezing stage neutralized the peak of CO 2 emission at the thawing stage. This study suggests that in the active layer of permafrost peatlands, CO 2 emission during FTCs may be lower than the emission under higher temperatures, but experiment with more temperature gradients should be encouraged to verify this conclusion in the future. Meanwhile, FTC significantly increased water extracted OC release from the three soil layers, ≈ 1.2-1.6 times higher compared to the unfrozen control sample, indicating that soil carbon loss in the form of leachate may increase during freezing-thawing periods. Additionally, the CO 2 emissions impacted by FTCs were significantly correlated with active OC fractions and enzyme activities, which indicated that active OC and enzymes were sensitive to FTCs, and surviving microbes and enzymes might use the increased liable substrates and induce the CO 2 emission during freezing-thawing periods.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

CO₂ emissions from soils of different depths of a permafrost peatland, Northeast China: response to simulated freezing–thawing cycles

Wang

Song

Hou

et al. 2014

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

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“…Pore water THg concentrations increased significantly throughout the peat column during the transition from freezing to thawing. This pattern of increasing concentrations during thawing has been observed in previous research in cold environments and for different water chemistries (Yu et al., 2010, 2011). We did not investigate the exact mechanisms leading to increased THg concentrations, but this type of concentration change response with frost thawing could affect Hg cycling and transport in northern peatlands.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Mercury dynamics in the pore water of peat columns during experimental freezing and thawing

et al. 2020

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Biogeochemical processes in northern peatland ecosystems are influenced by seasonal temperature fluctuations that are changing with the climate. Methylmercury (MeHg), commonly produced in peatlands, affects downstream waters; therefore, it is important to understand how temperature transitions affect mercury (Hg) dynamics. We investigated how the freeze–thaw cycle influences belowground peat pore water total Hg (THg), MeHg, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Four large, intact peat columns were removed from an ombrotrophic peat bog and experimentally frozen and thawed. Pore water was sampled across seven depths in the peat columns during the freeze–thaw cycle and analyzed for THg, MeHg, and DOC concentrations. Freezing results showed increased concentrations of THg below the ice layers and limited change in MeHg concentrations. During thawing, THg concentrations significantly increased, whereas MeHg concentrations decreased. Limited bromide movement and depth decreases in THg and DOC concentrations were associated with increased bulk density and degree of humification in the peat. The experiment demonstrates the effects of the freeze–thaw cycle on Hg concentrations in northern peatlands. Changes to freeze–thaw cycles with climate change may exacerbate Hg cycling and transport processes in peatland environments.

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“…Based on our findings, elk CWD adsorbed to SCL must be exposed to hundreds of cycles of freezing and thawing to reduce infectivity. However, the complexity of natural soil provides more opportunities for prion property alteration by introducing more components accessible to prions, such as nutrients and microbial populations, the fate of which is influenced by freezing and thawing (62,64). Repeated cycles of freezing and thawing may be considered a long-term natural degradation process for soil-bound prions in the environment.…”

Section: Pmca Conversion Coefficient Of Hydrated Hamster Prp Sc Is Rementioning

confidence: 99%

Dehydration of Prions on Environmentally Relevant Surfaces Protects Them from Inactivation by Freezing and Thawing

Yuan

Telling

Bartelt–Hunt

et al. 2018

J Virol

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Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is an emerging prion disease in North America. Recent identification of CWD in wild cervids from Norway raises the concern of the spread of CWD in Europe. CWD infectivity can enter the environment through live animal excreta and carcasses where it can bind to soil. Well-characterized hamster prion strains and CWD field isolates in unadsorbed or soil-adsorbed forms that were either hydrated or dehydrated were subjected to repeated rounds of freezing and thawing. We found that 500 cycles of repeated freezing and thawing of hydrated samples significantly decreased the abundance of PrP and reduced protein misfolding cyclic amplification (PMCA) seeding activity that could be rescued by binding to soil. Importantly, dehydration prior to freezing and thawing treatment largely protected PrP from degradation, and the samples maintained PMCA seeding activity. We hypothesize that redistribution of water molecules during the freezing and thawing process alters the stability of PrP aggregates. Overall, these results have significant implications for the assessment of prion persistence in the environment. Prions excreted into the environment by infected animals, such as elk and deer infected with chronic wasting disease, persist for years and thus facilitate horizontal transmission of the disease. Understanding the fate of prions in the environment is essential to control prion disease transmission. The significance of our study is that it provides information on the possibility of prion degradation and inactivation under natural weathering processes. This information is significant for remediation of prion-contaminated environments and development of prion disease control strategies.

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Response of soil constituents to freeze–thaw cycles in wetland soil solution

Cited by 66 publications

References 39 publications

CO₂ emissions from soils of different depths of a permafrost peatland, Northeast China: response to simulated freezing–thawing cycles

CO₂ emissions from soils of different depths of a permafrost peatland, Northeast China: response to simulated freezing–thawing cycles

Mercury dynamics in the pore water of peat columns during experimental freezing and thawing

Dehydration of Prions on Environmentally Relevant Surfaces Protects Them from Inactivation by Freezing and Thawing

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Response of soil constituents to freeze–thaw cycles in wetland soil solution

Cited by 66 publications

References 39 publications

CO2 emissions from soils of different depths of a permafrost peatland, Northeast China: response to simulated freezing–thawing cycles

CO2 emissions from soils of different depths of a permafrost peatland, Northeast China: response to simulated freezing–thawing cycles

Mercury dynamics in the pore water of peat columns during experimental freezing and thawing

Dehydration of Prions on Environmentally Relevant Surfaces Protects Them from Inactivation by Freezing and Thawing

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Product

Resources

About

CO₂ emissions from soils of different depths of a permafrost peatland, Northeast China: response to simulated freezing–thawing cycles

CO₂ emissions from soils of different depths of a permafrost peatland, Northeast China: response to simulated freezing–thawing cycles