Response of soil microbial communities and the production of plant-available nitrogen to a two-year rainfall manipulation in the New Jersey Pinelands

Landesman, William J.; Dighton, John

doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.06.012

Cited by 113 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Both excessively dry and wet soil may lead to a decrease in the biomass of microorganisms (Landesman and Dighton 2010), mostly by creating conditions unfavourable to aerobic gram-positive and gramnegative bacteria as well as to mycorrhizal fungi. Excess of water in the soil environment due to flooding or periodically heavy rainfalls is particularly threatening to aerobic bacteria (Walker et al 2003).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil moisture as a factor affecting the microbiological and biochemical activity of soil

Borowik¹,

Wyszkowska²

2016

Plant Soil Environ.

147

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The purpose of this research has been to identify relationships between soil moisture and the growth and development of microorganisms, their diversity and the activity of soil enzymes. Four soils with different texture were analysed. Air-dry soils were watered up to the moisture content corresponding to 20, 40 and 60% of the maximum water capacity (MWC) and subsequently were submitted to determinations of the counts of soil microorganisms, colony development index and ecophysiological diversity index for bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi. In addition, the response of seven soil enzymes to soil humidity was examined. It was found that the most optimum soil moisture for the development of organotrophic bacteria was the one at the level of 20% of MWC. For Azotobacter spp. bacteria and actinomycetes, the 40% MWC soil moisture level was optimum, while fungi developed the best at the soil moisture level of 60% of MWC. In turn, the activity of soil dehydrogenases, catalase, urease, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, β-glucosidase and arylsulfatase was the highest in soil with 20% of MWC. The principal component analysis showed that the soil moisture determined the microbial and biochemical soil activity to a much lesser degree than did the soil type.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil moisture as a factor affecting the microbiological and biochemical activity of soil

Borowik¹,

Wyszkowska²

2016

Plant Soil Environ.

147

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“…There are many reasons to expect that tropical microbial communities, like temperate communities (Landesman and Digton, 2010), would contain a wide adaptive capacity to respond to perturbation. Microbial communities in some tropical soils are characterized by large population numbers (B10 11 -10 12 cells per g soil, Dubinsky et al, 2010) maintaining an extensive reservoir of physiological and functional plasticity that can adapt to a range of optimal environmental conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, microbes in temperate ecosystems can experience large inter-and intra-annual variability in soil moisture that selects for communities acclimated to rapid changes in C (for example, Fierer et al, 2003;Landesman and Digton, 2010). Therefore, the phylogenetic and functional diversity of microbial communities within many temperate regions might not be greatly perturbed if changes to seasonal precipitation fall within the limits of that region's seasonal variability (Landesman and Digton, 2010). On the other hand, the adaptive capacity of communities acclimated to generally high soil moisture, such as the humid tropical rainforests, is still unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre-exposure to drought increases the resistance of tropical forest soil bacterial communities to extended drought

et al. 2012

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Global climate models project a decrease in the magnitude of precipitation in tropical regions. Changes in rainfall patterns have important implications for the moisture content and redox status of tropical soils, yet little is known about how these changes may affect microbial community structure. Specifically, does exposure to prior stress confer increased resistance to subsequent perturbation? Here we reduced the quantity of precipitation throughfall to tropical forest soils in the Luquillo Mountains, Puerto Rico. Treatments included newly established throughfall exclusion plots (de novo excluded), plots undergoing reduction for a second time (pre-excluded) and ambient control plots. Ten months of throughfall exclusion led to a small but statistically significant decline in soil water potential and bacterial populations clearly adapted to increased osmotic stress. Although the water potential decline was small and microbial biomass did not change, phylogenetic diversity in the de novo-excluded plots decreased by B40% compared with the control plots, yet pre-excluded plots showed no significant change. On the other hand, the relative abundances of bacterial taxa in both the de novo-excluded and pre-excluded plots changed significantly with throughfall exclusion compared with control plots. Changes in bacterial community structure could be explained by changes in soil pore water chemistry and suggested changes in soil redox. Soluble iron declined in treatment plots and was correlated with decreased soluble phosphorus concentrations, which may have significant implications for microbial productivity in these P-limited systems.

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“…Nowadays, biochars are produced from a variety of devices including top-lit updraft (TLUD) and retort devices (McLaughlin et al 2009). Biochars produced in this way offer advantages as soil additives over other non-pyrolytic organics, such as compost, including higher nutrient content (DeLuca et al 2009;Angst and Sohi 2012), greater soil organic carbon content (Steinbeiss et al 2009;Kimetu and Lehmann 2010;Landesman and Dighton 2010;Major et al 2010), increased soil moisture (Nigussie et al 2012), greater surface area (Zheng et al 2010), and enhanced soil properties (Unger and Killorn 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Biochar Come to the Rescue of Coastal Barren Species? A Controlled Study Reports on the Impact of Biochar Amendment on Their Survival

Licht¹,

McLaughlin²,

Burns³

et al. 2014

BioResources

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Indigenous species in coastal barren communities are subject to anthropogenic and environmental pressures; some species are in decline, and there is uncertainty about their long-term survival. The authors added supplemental soil carbon in the form of red oak biochar to calcined clay (1:9) to determine the effect of this treatment on survival of legume (Lupinus perennis and Baptisia tinctoria) and non-legume (Vaccinium angustifolium and Quercus ilicifolia) species during a period spanning two and a half seasons of unirrigated pot tests. Red oak biochar used in the experiment was produced from pyrolysis, the thermochemical devolitization and carbonization of the starting biomass. Biochar significantly affected the survival rates of all species (P=<.03). Biochartreated non-legumes had higher survival rates (P=<.10) than similarly treated legumes. Future investigations of biochars, particularly those evolved from recycled lignocellulosic wastes, associated with survival, should focus on reversal of habitat loss.

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Response of soil microbial communities and the production of plant-available nitrogen to a two-year rainfall manipulation in the New Jersey Pinelands

Cited by 113 publications

References 48 publications

Soil moisture as a factor affecting the microbiological and biochemical activity of soil

Soil moisture as a factor affecting the microbiological and biochemical activity of soil

Pre-exposure to drought increases the resistance of tropical forest soil bacterial communities to extended drought

Can Biochar Come to the Rescue of Coastal Barren Species? A Controlled Study Reports on the Impact of Biochar Amendment on Their Survival

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