Response of Spirodela polyrhiza to cerium: subcellular distribution, growth and biochemical changes

Effect of V, Se, and Ce on Growth, Photosynthetic Pigments, and Total Phenol Content of Tomato and Pepper Seedlings

“…Both studies conclude that Ce has a limited toxicity, and until the limit is exceeded, it is not considered to be extremely dangerous for the environment. However, the results of latter studies carried out by Xu et al (2017) in the aquatic plant Spirodela polyrhiza indicate that concentrations of 10 μM Ce in freshwater systems are sufficient to drastically inhibit the growth rate, reduce the content of photosynthetic pigments, and increase the amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS). It is noteworthy that when comparing the response of aquatic plants and cultivated plants, it should be taken into account that growth conditions influence the availability of Ce and, therefore, its toxicity.…”

“…However, toxic effects of several of these elements on humans, animals, and plants have also been reported, including Ce with toxic effects derived from its massive exploitation in industry (Pagano et al 2015). In the aquatic plant duckweed (Spirodela polyrhiza), it has been observed that Ce accumulates mainly in cellulose and pectin, and as the dose in the nutrient solution increased, oxidative stress was also observed, which resulted in a decrease in the activity and function of PS II (Xu et al 2017). As in terrestrial plants, the effect of Ce depends on concentration.…”

Potential Hazard of Lanthanides and Lanthanide-Based Nanoparticles to Aquatic Ecosystems: Data Gaps, Challenges and Future Research Needs Derived from Bibliometric Analysis

“…Studies with macrophytes also yielded highly variable results. Chlorophyll reduction and oxidative damage has already been observed at 1.4-2.8 mg Pr/L in duckweed Spirodela polyrrhiza with Ln mainly deposited in the cell wall [103,104]. On the other hand, the growth of another duckweed species-Lemna minor-was promoted by the presence of Ce salts at concentrations up to 139 mg Ce/L and only decreased at higher concentrations of Ce [105].…”

Effect of cerium on growth and antioxidant metabolism of Lemna minor L.

“…Significant accumulation of REEs has been detected in different organisms and even in bacteria and lichens (Bayer and Bayer, 1991;Paoli et al, 2014). Even if REEs are today considered as new and emerging contaminants in the ecosystems (Pagano et al, 2015a(Pagano et al, , 2015bXu et al, 2017), little information about their concentration in aquatic environments is so far available (Kulaksız and Bau, 2011;Protano and Riccobono, 2002) and, consequently, no regulatory thresholds for REEs levels and emissions to the environment have been so far indicated. Few information is also available about the responses of aquatic plants to REEs treatment (Tommasi and d'Aquino, 2017).…”

“…Few information is also available about the responses of aquatic plants to REEs treatment (Tommasi and d'Aquino, 2017). For example, Xu et al (2017) recently reported toxic effects in Spirodela polyrhiza treated with Ce at micromolar concentrations.…”