Response of Switchgrass Yield and Quality to Harvest Season and Nitrogen Fertilizer

Sadeghpour, Amir; Gorlitsky, Leryn E.; Hashemi, Masoud; Weis, Sarah A.; Herbert, Stephen J.

doi:10.2134/agronj2013.0183

Cited by 43 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Interaction was due to the highest value for no fertilizer in 2012 but not for 2013. Our N concentration for NF:LM was much higher than 0.34 % reported by Sadeghpour et al [28] for Cave-in-Rock grown with no fertilizer. Although our N application rates were at the low end of the range, our results did not show increasing biomass N concentration with increasing fertilizer rate as suggested by Lemus et al [18].…”

Section: Experiment1: Theoretical Ethanol Yield and Productioncontrasting

confidence: 82%

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Switchgrass Biofuel Production on Reclaimed Surface Mines: II. Feedstock Quality and Theoretical Ethanol Production

et al. 2015

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Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), a warmseason perennial grass, is an important bioenergy crop candidate because it produces high biomass yields on marginal lands and on reclaimed surface mined sites. In companion studies, dry matter (DM) yields for Cave-inRock, Shawnee, and Carthage cultivars varied from 4.2 to 13.0 Mg ha −1 averaged over 6 years at the reclaimed Hampshire site, and fertilization increased yields of Cave-in-Rock at Black Castle and Coal Mac sites from 0.3 to 2 Mg ha −1 during the first 3 years. The objective of these experiments was to compare the impacts of cultivar and soil amendments on biomass quality and theoretical ethanol production of switchgrass grown on surface mines with differing soil characteristics. Biomass quality was determined for fiber, ash, lignin, digestibility, and carbohydrate contents via near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy, and carbohydrates were used to calculate theoretical ethanol yield (TEY; L Mg −1 ) and multiplied by biomass yield to calculate theoretical ethanol production (TEP; L ha −1 ). Cultivars at the Hampshire site did not differ in TEY and ranged from 426 to 457 L Mg −1 . Theoretical ethanol production from Cave-in-Rock at Hampshire was 7350 L ha −1 , which was higher than other cultivars because of its greater biomass production. This TEP was higher than in other studies which predicted 4000 to 5000 L ha −1 . At the Black Castle and Coal Mac sites, fertilizer applications slightly affected biomass quality of switchgrass and TEY, but provided greater TEP as a function of increased yield. Similar to other findings, total switchgrass biomass production has more impact than compositional differences on TEP, so maximizing biomass production is critical for maximizing potential biofuel production. With appropriate soil substrates, fertilization, planning, and management, large areas of reclaimed surface mines can be converted to switchgrass stands to produce high biomass quality and yields to support a bioethanol industry.

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Section: Experiment1: Theoretical Ethanol Yield and Productioncontrasting

confidence: 82%

“…These levels for Cave-in-Rock are higher than the average ash concentrations reported by Sadeghpour et al [28] and Wilson et al [37] of 3.6 and 4.5 %, respectively. Our ash concentrations are similar to those for Cave-in-Rock grown by Waramit et al [36].…”

Section: Experiment1: Theoretical Ethanol Yield and Productioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

Switchgrass Biofuel Production on Reclaimed Surface Mines: II. Feedstock Quality and Theoretical Ethanol Production

et al. 2015

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“…This is, in part, because of the lower N rates used in this research compared to theirs (34-101 kg N ha -1 vs. 67-134 kg N ha -1 ). Furthermore, numerically lowered PFP and AE values associated with each site during 2015, the wetter year of the two of this research, are consistent with lower PFP findings highlighted by Sadeghpour et al (2014) as a result of wet conditions. In addition, AE values for the two sites at De Witt in 2015 (Fig.…”

Section: Agronomic Efficiencysupporting

confidence: 84%

“…7). This range is wider than the 35 to 99 kg biomass kg -1 N for PFP and 14 to 33 kg biomass kg -1 N for AE as reported by Sadeghpour et al (2014). This is, in part, because of the lower N rates used in this research compared to theirs (34-101 kg N ha -1 vs. 67-134 kg N ha -1 ).…”

Section: Agronomic Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 59%

“…Agronomic management practices play a significant role in managing NPWSG as a bioenergy feedstock by affecting the yield and composition of the harvested biomass, nutrient removal from the system, longevity of the plant stand, and anticipated environmental benefits (Waramit et al, 2011;Sadeghpour et al, 2014;Seepaul et al, 2014). Among these management practices, N fertilizer and harvest timing are considered critical interconnected factors in managing switchgrass as a bioenergy feedstock.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biomass Yield of Warm‐Season Grasses Affected by Nitrogen and Harvest Management

Weerasekara

Kitchen

Jose³

et al. 2018

Agronomy Journal

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Core Ideas Dry matter yields increased with N inputs although efficiency decreased.Applying nitrogen at 67 kg N ha–1 was superior in both yield and efficiency.Delaying the time of harvest until late fall or a killing frost increased yield. Native perennial warm‐season grasses (NPWSG) have drawn interest as bioenergy feedstocks due to their high productivity with minimal amounts of inputs under a wide range of environments. Nitrogen fertility and harvest timing are critical management practices when optimizing biomass yield of NPWSG. Our objective was to quantify the impact of N fertilizer rate and timing in combination with harvest timing and frequency on NPWSG yield. Research was conducted in 2014 and 2015 on four field‐plot locations in Missouri. The experiment was a split‐plot design with three replications where N rate and harvest timing were the main and sub‐plot treatments, respectively. Nitrogen rates were 0, 34, 67, and 101 kg N ha−1 with two application timings, all early spring and split N (early spring and following first harvest). Harvest timing included two single (September and November) and two double harvests (June followed by September or November) per year. Delaying harvest until November increased yield across sites. November harvest and N rates ≥67 kg ha−1 improved NPWSG biomass yields. Although N fertilization improved yield, partial factor productivity (PFP) of applied N did not increase with annual N rates >34 kg ha−1. Fertilization at 67 kg ha−1 yr−1 provides an opportunity to maintain a balance between yield and N efficiency. These results demonstrated that N fertilization and harvest management of NPWSG were not always independent, and therefore these practices should be simultaneously considered. For example, early‐season harvesting suppressed response to N when the second harvest was not delayed until after frost.

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Seasonal variation for leaf bromatological traits and its relationship with phenolic composition in a Mediterranean population of Plantago lanceolata L. under exploitation for multiple uses

Piluzza,

Sanna,

Campesi

et al. 2023

Genet Resour Crop Evol

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Response of Switchgrass Yield and Quality to Harvest Season and Nitrogen Fertilizer

Cited by 43 publications

References 28 publications

Switchgrass Biofuel Production on Reclaimed Surface Mines: II. Feedstock Quality and Theoretical Ethanol Production

Switchgrass Biofuel Production on Reclaimed Surface Mines: II. Feedstock Quality and Theoretical Ethanol Production

Biomass Yield of Warm‐Season Grasses Affected by Nitrogen and Harvest Management

Seasonal variation for leaf bromatological traits and its relationship with phenolic composition in a Mediterranean population of Plantago lanceolata L. under exploitation for multiple uses

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