Response of the cherry rootstock to water stress induced in vitro

Abstract

The in vitro response of sweet cherry (Prunus cerasus × P. canescens) rootstock Gisela 5 to increasing water deficit in the culture medium was studied. Water stress induced by the incorporation of 1, 2 and 4 % polyethylene glycol (PEG-8000) into the Murashige and Skoog medium was applied for 6 weeks. PEG-induced water stress reduced shoot dry mass, length, water content and relative chlorophyll content. Water stress also induced leaf necrosis without causing loss of viability in the explants. The increase in malondialdehyde content indicated oxidative stress. The activities of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), peroxidase (POX) and glutathione reductase (GR) were also significantly elevated. The concentrations of K, Ca, Fe and Mn of shoots were decreased.

Oxidative Stress Studies in Plant Tissue Culture

“…The Mn-SOD is resistant to both inhibitors; Cu/Zn-SOD is sensitive to both inhibitors whereas; Fe-SOD is resistant to KCN and sensitive to H2O2 (Ahmad et al, 2008;Gill and Tuteja, 2010;Karuppanapandian et al, 2011). There have been many reports of the increased activities of SOD under abiotic stresses induced with tissue culture techniques in a wide range of plant species, including heavy metals, such as Al, Cd, Cr, and Cu, hyperhydricity, salinity, gamma radiation, and drought (Gallego et al, 2002;Saher et al, 2004;Dewir et al, 2006;Israr et al, 2006;Erturk et al, 2007;Dasgupta et al, 2008;Sivritepe et al, 2008;Gupta and Prasad, 2010;Shehab et al, 2010;Yang et al, 2010;El-Beltagi et al, 2011;Helaly and El-Hosieny , 2011;Lokhande et al, 2011;Sen and Alikamanoglu, 2011;Xu et al, 2011;Patada et al, 2012) on the other hand, Fe-deficiency stress reduced activity of SOD (Lombardi et al, 2003). Advanced-antioxidant defense systems play an important role in plants not only to tolerate environmental stress but also to improve plants against these stresses.…”

“…suspension cultures and callus cultures) and organized tissue (i.e. axillary shoot, shoot tip, mature embryo, whole plant) levels (Sivritepe et al, 2008;Cui et al, 2010;Shehab et al, 2010;Patada et al, 2012). Additionally, plant tissue culture techniques also allow opportunities for the researcher to improve plants against abiotic stress factors with the in vitro selection method (Jain, 2001).…”

“…The spectrophotometric measurement of TBARS or MDA generally used as oxidative stress biomarker and also to assess the degree of LPO. Many researchers reported that MDA content increased under several abiotic stress factors, which were induced in vitro conditions (Gallego et al, 2005;Erturk et al, 2007;Sivritepe et al, 2008;Shri et al, 2009;Azevedo et al, 2009;Cui et al, 2010;Shehab et al, 2010;El-Beltagi et al, 2011;Ghanaya et al, 2011). Another way to detect LPO is determination of Lipoxygenase (LOX; EC 1.13.11.12) activity.…”

Influence of Water Deficit on Iron and Zinc Uptake by Matricaria chamomilla L.

“…Molassiotis et al (2006) have reported Fe decrease in response to water stress. However, water deficit did not significantly influence Zn content in cherry rootstock Gisela (Sivritepe et al, 2008). The content of Fe and Zn in leaf tissue of Chlorophytum borivilianum was increased by both water deficit and waterlogging stresses.…”

Domates, Patlıcan ve Kavun Genotiplerinin Kuraklığa Dayanım Durumlarını Belirlemeye Yönelik Olarak İncelenen Özellikler Arasındaki İlişkiler

“…K, Ca, Mn, Zn ve Fe içerikleri bakımından her üç türde de kuraklık stresi bitkiler üzerinde olumsuz etki yapmıştır. Nitekim oksidatif stres ile birlikte K, Ca, Fe ve Mn konsantrasyonlarında azalma meydana geldiği belirtilmektedir [52]. Bitkilerde K iyonunun aktif alımıyla hücrelerdeki ozmotik potansiyel yükseltilmekte ve böylece bitkiye su girişi mümkün olabilmektedir.…”