Response of total tannins and phenolics in loblolly pine foliage exposed to ozone and acid rain

Jordan, Dean N.; Green, T. H.; Chappelka, Arthur H.; Lockaby, B. Graeme; Meldahl, Ralph S.; Gjerstad, Dean H.

doi:10.1007/bf00982121

Cited by 45 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…According to the present study and most earlier studies, O 3 did not have signi®cant eects on needle total phenolic concentrations (Jordan et al 1991;Kainulainen et al 1994Kainulainen et al , 1995aBooker et al 1996). However, higher concentrations of total phenolics (Tingey et al 1976;Kainulainen et al 1994) and some individual phenolic compounds (Kicinski et al 1988;Rosemann et al 1991) were found in conifers exposed to higher O 3 concentrations than used in the present study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 69%

The influence of elevated CO 2 and O 3 concentrations on Scots pine needles: changes in starch and secondary metabolites over three exposure years

Kainulainen

Holopainen

1998

Oecologia

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Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) trees, aged about 20 years old, growing on a natural pine heath were exposed to two concentrations of CO (ambient CO and double-ambient CO) and two O regimes (ambient O and double-ambient O) and their combination in open-top chambers during growing seasons 1994, 1995 and 1996. Concentrations of foliar starch and secondary compounds are reported in this paper. Starch concentrations remained unaffected by elevated CO and/or O concentrations during the first 2 study years. But in the autumn of the last study year, a significantly higher concentration of starch was found in current-year needles of trees exposed to elevated CO compared with ambient air. There were large differences in concentrations of starch and secondary compounds between individual trees. Elevated concentrations of CO and/or O did not have any significant effects on the concentrations of foliar total monoterpenes, total resin acids or total phenolics. Significantly higher concentrations of monoterpenes and resin acids and mostly lower concentrations of starch were found in trees growing without chambers than in those growing in open-top chambers, while there were no differences in concentrations of total phenolics between trees growing without or in chambers. The results suggest that elevated concentrations of CO might increase foliar starch concentrations in Scots pine, while secondary metabolites remain unaffected. Realistically elevated O concentrations do not have clear effects on carbon allocation to starch and secondary compounds even after 3 exposure years.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 69%

The influence of elevated CO 2 and O 3 concentrations on Scots pine needles: changes in starch and secondary metabolites over three exposure years

Kainulainen

Holopainen

1998

Oecologia

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“…In addition to macroinvertebrate activity, secondary metabolites other than lignin (e.g., other polyphenolic compounds such as tannins) may override the effects of lignin and N concentrations on decay rate (Horner et al 1988). In urban areas tissue damage from air pollution, such as ozone, can result in the polymerization of carbonbased and N-containing secondary metabolites in plant foliage (Jordan et al 1991;Findlay et al 1996). Since our study makes an intraspecific comparison of leaf decay, a secondary factor affecting litter quality may be the cause of differences in decay rate between urban and rural derived red oak litter.…”

Section: Mass Lossmentioning

confidence: 96%

Controls on mass loss and nitrogen dynamics of oak leaf litter along an urban-rural land-use gradient

Pouyat

Carreiro

2003

Oecologia

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Using reciprocal leaf litter transplants, we investigated the effects of contrasting environments (urban vs. rural) and intraspecific variations in oak leaf litter quality on mass loss rates and nitrogen (N) dynamics along an urban-rural gradient in the New York City metropolitan area. Differences in earthworm abundances and temperature had previously been documented in the stands along this gradient. Red oak leaf litter was collected and returned to its original source stand as native litter to measure decay rates along the gradient. To separate site effects from litter quality effects on decay, reciprocal transplants of litter were also made between stands at the extremes of the environmental gradient (urban and rural stands). Land-use had no effect on mass loss and N dynamics of native litter by the end of the 22-month incubation period. The lack of differences in native litter suggests the factors affecting decay were similar across the stands in this study. However, in the transplant study both environment and litter type strongly affected decay of oak leaf litter. On average urban and rural litter decomposed faster over the incubation period in urban than in rural stands (P=0.016 and P=0.001, respectively, repeated measures ANOVA). Differences in mass loss between urban and rural stands resulted in rural environments having less mass remaining than urban environments at the end of the incubation period (25.6 and 46.2% for urban and rural sites, respectively). Likewise, less N remained in leaf residue in urban sites (71.3%) compared to that in rural sites (115.1%). Litter type also affected mass loss rates during the 22-month incubation period. On average rural litter mass loss rates were faster than urban litter rates in both urban and rural stands (P=0.030 and P=0.026, respectively, repeated measures ANOVA). By the end of the incubation period, rural litter exhibited 43 and 20% greater mass loss and retained 44 and 5% less N than urban litter decomposing in the same urban and rural sites, respectively. These results suggest that different factors were controlling mass loss and N release rates along this urban-rural gradient. In urban stands, exotic earthworms and warmer temperatures may be compensating for what would otherwise be slowly decaying leaf litter because of its lower quality. Likewise, the lower quality litter produced in the urban stands may be decreasing the net release of N from litter despite higher temperatures and earthworm activity. Even though native litter decay rates were similar, the differential importance of the factors affecting decay along this gradient could alter the response of these forests to disturbance and variations in climate.

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“…Different techniques detect different compounds with varying precision (Waterman and Mole 1994), requiring multiple techniques. Polymerized phenolics (tannins, lignin and bound phenolics that often accompany injury; Hasemann and Wild 1990, Jordan et al 1991, Koziol 1991, Violini et al 1992, Bi and Felton 1995, Findlay et al 1996 are particularly problematical. Furthermore, phenolic composition changes with development and environment, and differs between species (Hartley and Jones 1997).…”

Section: Phenolic Allocation and Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 98%

A Protein Competition Model of Phenolic Allocation

Jones¹,

Hartley²

1999

Oikos

366

303

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Response of total tannins and phenolics in loblolly pine foliage exposed to ozone and acid rain

Cited by 45 publications

References 21 publications

The influence of elevated CO 2 and O 3 concentrations on Scots pine needles: changes in starch and secondary metabolites over three exposure years

The influence of elevated CO 2 and O 3 concentrations on Scots pine needles: changes in starch and secondary metabolites over three exposure years

Controls on mass loss and nitrogen dynamics of oak leaf litter along an urban-rural land-use gradient

A Protein Competition Model of Phenolic Allocation

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