Response of Wheat Varieties (Triticum aestivum L. and Triticum durum Desf.) to Sowing Time

Abstract

Among various production factors for wheat crop, time of sowing and wheat varieties are crucial ones influencing productivity. Onset of various phenophases of wheat crop is greatly related with the prevailing temperature at that time. Any deviation from optimum temperature for onset of phenophase may drastically reduce the crop productivity. Similarly wheat varieties play vital role under different temperature situation. Hence, considering these two aspects a field experiment was conducted on sandy loam soil at Centre of Excellence for Research on Wheat, Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Vijapur to study the "Response of wheat varieties (Triticum aestivum L. and Triticum durum Desf.) to sowing time" in North Gujarat conditions" during rabi season of the year 2012-13. The experiment comprising of twelve treatment combinations was laid out in Split Plot Design with four replications. The treatment consisted of three sowing times i.e., 15 th November (Timely), 1 st December (Late) and 15 th December (Very late) and four wheat varieties (viz., GW 11, GW 173, GW 322 and GDW 1255 (d)). The results of experiment revealed that the plant population at initial and harvest, harvest index were remained unaffected due to different sowing times. Significantly higher Plant height (80.2 cm), number of spikes/m 2 (328.1), length of spike (8.7 cm) number of grains per spike (57.5), 50% heading (65.2), Test weight (52.7), protein content (14.81%) grain (4716 kg ha -1 ) and straw (7068 kg ha -1 ) yield was found when crop sown on 15 th November. The result of mean data of varieties indicated that the different growth parameters viz., plant height, days to 50 per cent heading, days to physiological maturity were significantly influenced and maximum values of these parameters were recorded by wheat variety GW 322. However, plant population at initial and harvest, number of spikes per meter -2 and harvest index were remained unaffected due to different varieties. Significantly higher values of yield attributes viz., plant height (85.1cm), length of spike (9.2cm) number of grains per spike (52.8) and 50% heading (62.7) were observed in variety GW 322 while, test weight (54.2gm) and protein content (14.9%) was recorded significantly higher by variety GW 1255. The wheat variety GW 322 produced significantly higher grain yield 4408 kg ha -1 and straw yield 6612 kg ha -1 . The increase was 0.4, 10.2 and 11.9 per cent in grain yield and 0.4, 10.3 and 11.9 per cent in straw yield as compared to GW 11, GW 173 and GDW 1255, respectively.

Exploring the Nexus Between Weather Variables and Wheat Quality Across Different Sowing Dates and Varieties: A Comprehensive Correlation Study

“…An increase in the amount of protein content in wheat grain with delayed crop sowings might have been caused by rise in temperature, which encouraged the synthesis of amino acids while also hindering grain development or causing wheat grains to become shrivelled, resulting in higher protein content. The findings agree with those reported by Anureet et al (2010) and Patel et al (2018).…”

“…Wheat was sown in time to protect it from heat stress and the crop also benefited from more favourable weather conditions, which improved the growth and yield characteristics, leading to a higher yield. The findings agree with those reported by Akhtar et al (2012), Patel et al, (2018, Dar et al (2020), Mehta and Dhaliwal (2020), Singh et al (2021) and Singh et al (2022).…”

Assessing the performance of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties to diverse sowing dates

“…(2017) [14] and Singh et al (2022) [15] . Wheat was sown in time to avoid heat stress and at the same time, the crop enjoyed more favourable weather conditions, which improved the growth and yield characteristics, leading to a higher yield, the findings are in conformity with those reported by Akhtar et al (2012) [21] , Patel et al (2018) [22] , Dar et al (2020) [17] , Mehta and Dhaliwal (2020) [19] , Singh et al (2021 b ) [23] and Singh et al (2022) [15] . Treatment S 1 (20 th November) recorded significantly higher straw yield (10496 kg/ha) and which was statistically at par with (S 2 ) 30 th November (9543 kg/ha) sowing and (S 3 ) 10 th December (9048 kg/ha) sowing.…”

“…(2020) [25] and Patel et al (2018) [22] who observed that varieties also significantly influenced plant height. It was found that the different varieties had no significant effect on the dry matter accumulation at 45 DAS.…”

“…~ 499 ~ [22] . The lowest yield was obtained from the GW 496 variety (5703 kg/ha), which resulted from having the lowest value of effective tillers.…”