Response of wild mammals to seasonal shrinking-and-expansion of habitats due to flooding regime of the Pantanal, Brazil

Mamede, Simone; Alho, Cleber José Rodrigues

doi:10.1590/s1519-69842006000600006

Cited by 82 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The observed abundance of some species in the Pantanal habitats reveals that only a few species are common -for example the capybara Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris, the crab-eating fox Cerdocyon thous, and the flat-faced fruit-eating bat Artibeus planirostris -whereas some are rare or intrinsically rare -for example, the bush dog Speothos venaticus (Alho et al, 1988Mamede and Alho, 2006;Alho, 2005aAlho, , 2008Teixeira et al, 2009). pasture of the seasonal flooding open fields.…”

Section: Habitats and Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…pasture of the seasonal flooding open fields. In fact, higher densities of other mammal species occur during the dry season (August and September), when there is a considerable expansion of terrestrial habitats, mainly seasonally flooded grassland, due to the shrinking-and-expansion of habitats related to the flooding pulse (Mamede and Alho, 2006).…”

Section: Habitats and Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Capybara group size increases from the beginning (rainy season) to the middle of the year (dry season). During the floods the groups subdivide and are largely confined to the forest patches, while in the dry season more animals are observed feeding on the pasture of the grassland Alho, 2005aAlho, , 2008Mamede and Alho, 2006).…”

Section: The Dependence Of Forest Habitatsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mammals respond to seasonal shrinking-and-expansion of habitats due to flooding regime of the Pantanal with highest abundance of species observed during the dry season (August and September), when there is a considerable expansion of terrestrial habitats, mainly seasonally flooded grassland (Mamede and Alho, 2006). Animal abundance (in terms of observed individual frequencies) varied during the dry and wet seasons and the seasonally flooded grassland was the most utilised habitat by mammals in the dry season.…”

Section: Response Of Mammals To Seasonal Floodingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several surveys on a different time scale have shown the great magnitude of the mammalian fauna of the Pantanal: on mammalian biomass (Schaller, 1983), on occurrence of species (Alho et al, 1988;Trolle, 2003), of a literature review (Coutinho et al, 1997;Rodrigues et al, 2002), on working group results (Marinho Filho, 2007), on responses to seasonal flooding (Mamede and Alho, 2006), on microhabitat use among small mammals (Lacher and Alho, 1989), on ecology (Alho, 2005a(Alho, , 2008, and studies on single species such as capybaras Alho, 2003), jaguar (Soisalo and Cavalcanti, 2006;Azevedo and Murray, 2007), march deer (Schaller and Vasconcelos, 1978;Mauro et al, 1998;Mourão et al, 2000), ocelot (Trolle and Kéry, 2005), and other studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Terrestrial and aquatic mammals of the Pantanal

2011

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Different works have registered the number of mammal species within the natural habitats of the Pantanal based on currently known records, with species richness ranging from 89 to 152 of annotated occurrences. Our present list sums 174 species. However, at least three factors have to be emphasised to deal with recorded numbers: 1) to establish the ecotone limit between the floodplain (which is the Pantanal) and its neighbouring domain like the Cerrado, besides the existence of maps recently produced; 2) the lack of intensive surveys, especially on small mammals, rodents and marsupials; and 3) the constant taxonomic revision on bats, rodents and marsupials. Some species are very abundant -for example the capybara Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris and the crab-eating fox Cerdocyon thous, and some are rare, and others are still intrinsically rare -for example, the bush dog Speothos venaticus. Abundance of species is assumed to reflect ecological resources of the habitat. Local diversity and number of individuals of wild rodents and marsupials also rely on the offering of ecological resources and behavioural specialisation to microhabitat components. A large number of species interact with the type of the vegetation of the habitat, by means of habitat selection through active patterns of ecological behaviour, resulting on dependency on arboreal and forested habitats of the Pantanal. In addition, mammals respond to seasonal shrinking-and-expansion of habitats due to flooding regime of the Pantanal. The highest number of species is observed during the dry season, when there is a considerable expansion of terrestrial habitats, mainly seasonally flooded grassland. Major threats to mammal species are the loss and alteration of habitats due to human intervention, mainly deforestation, unsustainable agricultural and cattle-ranching practices, which convert the natural vegetation into pastures. The Pantanal still harbours about a dozen of species officially listened as in danger.Keywords: biodiversity, conservation, Pantanal habitats, mammal species, environmental threat. Mamíferos terrestres e aquáticos do Pantanal ResumoDiversos trabalhos têm registrado o número de espécies de mamíferos nos diferentes hábitats naturais do Pantanal, com base nos registros do conhecimento corrente, com a riqueza de espécies variando de 89 a 152 ocorrências anotadas. Nossa lista atual soma 174 espécies. Contudo pelo menos três fatores devem ser enfatizados quando se lida com os números encontrados: 1) o limite exato do ecótono entre a bacia de inundação (que é o Pantanal) e os domínios vizinhos, como o Cerrado, apesar da existência de mapas recentes; 2) a falta de levantamentos intensivos, particularmente sobre pequenos mamíferos, roedores e marsupiais; e 3) a revisão taxonômica constante de morcegos, roedores e marsupiais. Algumas espécies são abundantes, como a capivara Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris, e o lobinho Cerdocyon thous, outras são raras e outras ainda são intrinsecamente raras, como o cachorro-vinagre Speothos venaticus. Assume-se que...

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Section: Habitats and Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Habitats and Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Dependence Of Forest Habitatsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Response Of Mammals To Seasonal Floodingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Terrestrial and aquatic mammals of the Pantanal

2011

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Influence of behavioral state, sex, and season on resource selection by jaguars (Panthera onca): Always on the prowl?

et al. 2018

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How a predator uses its landscape to move through its territory and acquire prey is a fundamental question for scientific research. The influence of abiotic and biotic factors on space use of large carnivores has profound implications for their future management and conservation. In the Pantanal, Brazil, jaguars (Panthera onca) are the apex predator, but conflicts with cattle depredations pose a risk to their future conservation. We examined whether behavioral state, sex, and season influenced how jaguars used the landscape in the Pantanal. To accomplish this, we radio‐collared four females and six males; radio‐collared jaguars were monitored for 76 radio‐months with 11,787 GPS locations acquired. We developed resource selection functions (RSFs) examining how female and male jaguars used their landscape during three behavioral states (moving, killing native prey, killing cattle) during two seasons (dry, wet). From the RSF models, we found similar variables and relationships of landscape characteristics that jaguars selected for when moving and when depredating native prey and cattle. While moving, jaguars selected for locations that were either in dense cover or very near dense cover, with higher plant diversity and closer to water than available across the landscape. While null models suggested jaguars opportunistically depredated native prey in the dry season and cattle in the wet season, there was some indication they selected for specific landscape characteristics, mainly dense cover when killing cattle in the dry season and native prey in the wet season. Both sexes killed native prey and cattle within dense cover or close to dense cover as expected of an ambush predator. Particular habitat types were not important as long as there was dense cover for concealment. Additionally, jaguars killed prey closer to water than was available on the landscape. The similar variables across the models showed the importance of dense cover and distance to dense cover during all three behavioral states indicating jaguars in the Pantanal were “always on the prowl.” Understanding the spatial requirements for jaguars during the acquisition of native prey and cattle may lead to improved management strategies to allow for continued coexistence of jaguars in an area of traditional cattle production.

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Avulsive Rivers in the Hydrology of the Pantanal Wetland

Assine

Macedo

Stevaux

et al. 2015

The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry

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This chapter presents and discusses the avulsive nature of the Pantanal rivers and shows how the ever-changing drainage network influences the surface hydrology and ecology. Besides, the systemic portrait here outlined provides new insights concerning the Pantanal hydrodynamics, in its particularities and as a whole system. A simple model of the avulsion process is illustrated, and several realistic examples of the processes leading to river avulsions are shown and discussed. The north-to-south flood-pulse wave due to the presence of bottlenecks is further described in detail. This systemic approach allows identifying that the fluvial "avulsive and bottleneck" dynamics seasonally affects both local and regional ecohydrological processes. Moreover, it shows that avulsive processes are commonplace in Pantanal, and changes in land use, particularly in river headwaters in the highlands, accelerate the avulsions, making the sustainable use of the Pantanal lowland areas difficult.

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Response of wild mammals to seasonal shrinking-and-expansion of habitats due to flooding regime of the Pantanal, Brazil

Cited by 82 publications

References 5 publications

Terrestrial and aquatic mammals of the Pantanal

Terrestrial and aquatic mammals of the Pantanal

Influence of behavioral state, sex, and season on resource selection by jaguars (Panthera onca): Always on the prowl?

Avulsive Rivers in the Hydrology of the Pantanal Wetland

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