Response to commentary on evolution of slow-wave sleep and palliopallial connectivity in mammals and birds: A hypothesis

Rattenborg, Niels Christian

doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2007.02.010

Cited by 26 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Although downscaling also occurs in sleeping Drosophila melanogaster [75,76], pointing to an 'ancient' origin for this sleep function, fruitflies appear to lack the mammal (or bird)-like slow oscillation during sleep [77,78], suggesting that Drosophila have a downscaling mechanism unrelated to synchronous low-frequency neuronal activity. Understanding the reason for the different mechanism may provide insight into whether slow oscillation-mediated downscaling serves an additional function not found in flies, or a more efficient means for downscaling in relatively complex brains, such as those of mammals and birds [28,37,48]; however, further study is needed to resolve this important issue in the evolution of sleep.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Birds are the only animals, outside of mammals, known to engage in unequivocal SWS and REM sleep [25 -27], a similarity that may have arisen via convergent evolution, as sleeping reptiles and amphibians do not show similar brain activity [28]. Although it has recently been shown that sleep-deprived birds show a global increase in SWA during subsequent sleep [29,30], it is unclear whether this effect reflects brain use per se or is mediated by central brain regions involved in the 'whole-brain' regulation of sleep ([31]; see also [32,33]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Local sleep homeostasis in the avian brain: convergence of sleep function in mammals and birds?

et al. 2011

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The function of the brain activity that defines slow wave sleep (SWS) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep in mammals is unknown. During SWS, the level of electroencephalogram slow wave activity (SWA or 0.5 -4.5 Hz power density) increases and decreases as a function of prior time spent awake and asleep, respectively. Such dynamics occur in response to waking brain use, as SWA increases locally in brain regions used more extensively during prior wakefulness. Thus, SWA is thought to reflect homeostatically regulated processes potentially tied to maintaining optimal brain functioning. Interestingly, birds also engage in SWS and REM sleep, a similarity that arose via convergent evolution, as sleeping reptiles and amphibians do not show similar brain activity. Although birds deprived of sleep show global increases in SWA during subsequent sleep, it is unclear whether avian sleep is likewise regulated locally. Here, we provide, to our knowledge, the first electrophysiological evidence for local sleep homeostasis in the avian brain. After staying awake watching David Attenborough's The Life of Birds with only one eye, SWA and the slope of slow waves (a purported marker of synaptic strength) increased only in the hyperpallium-a primary visual processing region-neurologically connected to the stimulated eye. Asymmetries were specific to the hyperpallium, as the non-visual mesopallium showed a symmetric increase in SWA and wave slope. Thus, hypotheses for the function of mammalian SWS that rely on local sleep homeostasis may apply also to birds.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local sleep homeostasis in the avian brain: convergence of sleep function in mammals and birds?

et al. 2011

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“…In mammals, meeting these challenges may have required the evolution of additional specialized circuitry, including at least the dentate gyrus as a preprocessing stage to CA3. It remains to be explored whether other, distinct evolutionary adaptations may have met similar challenges in the avian brain, given the intriguing suggestion that birds, unlike reptiles, appear to have evolved similar slow-wave sleep dynamics as mammals (Rattenborg 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The CA3 network as a memory store for spatial representations

Papp¹,

Witter²,

Treves³

2007

Learning & Memory

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Comparative neuroanatomy suggests that the CA3 region of the mammalian hippocampus is directly homologous with the medio-dorsal pallium in birds and reptiles, with which it largely shares the basic organization of primitive cortex. Autoassociative memory models, which are generically applicable to cortical networks, then help assess how well CA3 may process information and what the crucial hurdles are that it may face. The analysis of such models points at spatial memories as posing a special challenge, both in terms of the attractor dynamics they can induce and how they may be established. Addressing such a challenge may have favored the evolution of elements of hippocampal organization observed only in mammals.

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“…Brain activity as measured with electroencephalograms (EEG) from these taxa characteristically shows high-voltage spikes, which are probably associated with sleep (reviewed in Hartse 1994). However, inconsistencies among studies have made the description of definitive sleep patterns in these groups challenging (Hartse 1994;Rattenborg 2007). Only in birds and mammals is sleep categorized by behavioural state as well as unequivocally distinct EEG patterns (see Rattenborg 2006 for review).…”

Section: Why We Sleepmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ecological relevance of sleep: the trade-off between sleep, memory and energy conservation

Roth

Rattenborg

Pravosudov

2010

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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All animals in which sleep has been studied express signs of sleep-like behaviour, suggesting that sleep must have some fundamental functions that are sustained by natural selection. Those functions, however, are still not clear. Here, we examine the ecological relevance of sleep from the perspective of behavioural trade-offs that might affect fitness. Specifically, we highlight the advantage of using food-caching animals as a system in which a conflict might occur between engaging in sleep for memory/learning and hypothermia/torpor to conserve energy. We briefly review the evidence for the importance of sleep for memory, the importance of memory for food-caching animals and the conflicts that might occur between sleep and energy conservation in these animals. We suggest that the food-caching paradigm represents a naturalistic and experimentally practical system that provides the opportunity for a new direction in sleep research that will expand our understanding of sleep, especially within the context of ecological and evolutionary processes.

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Response to commentary on evolution of slow-wave sleep and palliopallial connectivity in mammals and birds: A hypothesis

Cited by 26 publications

References 66 publications

Local sleep homeostasis in the avian brain: convergence of sleep function in mammals and birds?

Local sleep homeostasis in the avian brain: convergence of sleep function in mammals and birds?

The CA3 network as a memory store for spatial representations

The ecological relevance of sleep: the trade-off between sleep, memory and energy conservation

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