Response to pressure and vibration of slowly adapting cutaneous mechanoreceptors in the human foot

Vedel, J. P.; Roll, J. P.

doi:10.1016/0304-3940(82)90190-2

Cited by 106 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The cutaneous mechanoreceptors on the soles of the feet serve to maintain postural stability by detecting displacement, velocity and acceleration of indentation of the skin as well as transient forces (Johansson and Vallbo 1980;Vedel and Roll 1982). The importance of mechanoreceptive information for postural control has been confirmed in several previous investigations (Kavounoudias et al 1998;Stal et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Changes in multi-segmented body movements and EMG activity while standing on firm and foam support surfaces

et al. 2007

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Postural control ensures stability during both static posture and locomotion by initiating corrective adjustments in body movement. This is particularly important when the conditions of the support surface change. We investigated the effects of standing on a compliant foam surface using twelve normal subjects (mean age 26 years) in terms of: linear movements at the head, shoulder, hip and knee; EMG activity of the tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius muscles and torques towards the support surface. As subjects repeated the trials with eyes open or closed, we were also able to determine the effects of vision on multi-segmented body movements during standing upon different support surface conditions.As expected, EMG activity, torque variance values and body movements at all measured positions increased significantly when standing on foam compared with the firm surface.Linear knee and hip movements increased more, relative to shoulder and head movements while standing on foam. Vision stabilized the head and shoulder movements more than hip and knee movements while standing on foam support surface. Moreover, vision significantly reduced the tibialis anterior EMG activity and torque variance during the trials involving foam.In conclusion, the foam support surface increased corrective muscle and torque activity, and changed the firm-surface multi-segmented body movement pattern. Vision improved the ability of postural control to handle compliant surface conditions. Several essential features of postural control have been found from recording movement from multiple points on the body, synchronized with recording torque and EMG.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Changes in multi-segmented body movements and EMG activity while standing on firm and foam support surfaces

et al. 2007

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“…29 Even more important is the observation that the frequency of slowly adapting mechanoreceptors rapidly reaches a plateau with an increased pressure. 30 This suggests that the more important pressure values and larger contact areas for the obese persons may perturb the sensory information arising from the slow adapting plantar receptors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing weight increases postural stability in obese and morbid obese men

et al. 2006

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Objective: To investigate the effect of weight loss on balance control in obese and morbid obese men. Methods: In a longitudinal and clinical intervention study, postural stability was measured with a force platform before and after weight loss in men. Weight loss was obtained in obese men (mean body mass index (BMI) ¼ 33.0 kg/m 2 ) by hypocaloric diet until resistance and in morbid obese men (mean BMI ¼ 50.5 kg/m 2 ) by bariatric surgery. Morbid obese men were tested before surgery, and 3 and 12 months after surgery when they had lost 20 and nearly 50% of initial body weight, respectively. Normal weight individuals (mean BMI ¼ 22.7 kg/m 2 ) were tested twice within a 6-to 12-month period to serve as control. Body fatness and fat distribution measures, and posturographic parameters of the center of foot pressure (CP) along the antero-posterior and medio-lateral axes for conditions with and without vision were performed in all subjects. Results: Weight loss averaged 12.3 kg after dieting and 71.3 kg after surgery. Body weight remained unchanged in the control group. After weight loss, nearly all measures of postural stability were improved with and without vision (i.e., CP speed and range in antero-posterior and medio-lateral axes). A strong linear relationship was observed between weight loss and improvement in balance control measured from CP speed (adjusted R 2 ¼ 0.65, Po0.001). Conclusion: Weight loss improves balance control in obese men and the extent of the improvement is directly related to the amount of weight loss. This should decrease the habitual greater risk of falling observed in obese individuals.

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“…The VPT recorded for the descending test is generally less distinct and the participant may occasionally find it difficult to determine when the vibration sensation has in fact disappeared [37]. Pacinian corpuscles have been identified as the receptors responsible for the transduction of vibratory energy [38], with increasing pressure of the vibrating stimuli resulting in an increase of the frequency discharge from Pacinian corpuscles [38]. Pacinian corpuscles can be susceptible to an adaptation effect whereby increasing vibration pressure results in increased radiation of the vibratory stimuli and excitation of the deeper receptors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vibrotactile threshold measurement for detecting peripheral neuropathy: defining variability and a normal range for clinical and research use

et al. 2007

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Aims/hypothesis We aimed to define normal ranges for vibration sense as measured by vibratory perception thresholds (VPTs) using biothesiometry. Methods We performed biothesiometry in a communitydwelling sample of 901 people aged 55 to 85 years who did not have diabetes. We quantitated the variation between repeat measures using analysis of variance and BlandAltman plots. We also plotted the age-and sex-specific reference ranges. Results We found small but statistically significant differences between repeat measures using the ascending and descending method of limits. Statistically higher vibration thresholds were noted on the right arm and leg compared with the left. Significantly higher vibration thresholds were also seen in men vs women for both lower limbs. We also defined sex-specific reference intervals (normal ranges) for biothesiometry for older persons and quantitated the increase in vibration threshold with increasing age. Conclusions/interpretation For reliability, it may be sufficient to obtain the average of two ascending measures separated by at least 1 min in just the right hand or right foot, since this is usually the one with the higher threshold. Although identical reference ranges can be used for men and women for the upper limb, there are significant differences in the lower limbs. The major determinant of VPT is age: we have established age-specific norms for VPT testing for adults between 55 and 85 years of age.

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Response to pressure and vibration of slowly adapting cutaneous mechanoreceptors in the human foot

Cited by 106 publications

References 12 publications

Changes in multi-segmented body movements and EMG activity while standing on firm and foam support surfaces

Changes in multi-segmented body movements and EMG activity while standing on firm and foam support surfaces

Reducing weight increases postural stability in obese and morbid obese men

Vibrotactile threshold measurement for detecting peripheral neuropathy: defining variability and a normal range for clinical and research use

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