Responses of adult mallard ducks to ingested South Louisiana crude oil

Coon, Nancy C.; Dieter, Michael P.

doi:10.1016/0013-9351(81)90160-2

Cited by 27 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Oilinduced matting of feathers causes loss of insulation and water repellency functions, leading to hypothermia, starvation, or drowning (Burger & Gochfeld 2001). Ingestion of oil, primarily through preening, can result in further mortality of birds (Coon & Dieter 1981, Burger & Gochfeld 2001. Chronic effects from exposure to hydrocarbons remaining after the spill may be expressed as lowered breeding success (Grau et al 1977, Fry et al 1986, Hoffman 1990, reduced fledgling growth and survival (Trivelpiece et al 1984, Hoffman 1990), developmental and behavioral abnormalities (Burger & Gochfeld 2001) and reduced adult survival for several years (Esler et al 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scaling restoration to achieve quantitative enhancement of loon, seaduck, and other seabird populations

Sperduto

Powers²,

Donlan³

2003

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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The 1996 'North Cape' oil spill along the Rhode Island coast led to the deaths of at least 2292 birds, resulting in an estimated 6275 bird-years lost (adjusted by expected longevity and productivity). We synthesize information on bird population dynamics to develop an appropriate restoration strategy. Marine birds (seaducks, loons, grebes) with natural recovery periods estimated to exceed 1 yr accounted for 87% of the total bird-years lost. Marine birds (gulls, cormorants, alcids, gannets) with recovery estimated to be less than a year accounted for 10% of injuries. Common loons Gavia immer and common eiders Somateria mollissima were selected as targets for restoration because of regional concern over their population status and the magnitude of lost bird-years. Three restoration options were evaluated for loons: nest site protection; nest site enhancement; and public education/outreach. Nest site enhancement opportunities were limited and benefits from public education/outreach efforts were uncertain. Nest site protection was preferred for both loons and eiders because nest site availability and/or quality currently limit(s) productivity. This option assumes that preventing future productivity loss compensates for productivity loss that resulted from the 'North Cape' oil spill. This assumption is supported by regional productivity estimates for the 2 target species, is consistent with scientific literature, and represents the consensus of expert opinions. Based on a series of scaling calculations, protection of 25 nest sites for a 100 yr period is expected to balance the loss of 2920 loon-years. Protection of 315 eider nest sites over a 100 yr period would replace 2605 bird-years lost (remaining marine bird injury). Calculations adjust future production credit through economic discounting of 3% yr

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scaling restoration to achieve quantitative enhancement of loon, seaduck, and other seabird populations

Sperduto

Powers²,

Donlan³

2003

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…Whole animal studies with ducks and seabirds demonstrated that ingestion of crude oils did not alter kidney, heart, or hepatic-derived plasma enzymes (Coon and Dieter, 1981), but did increase levels of plasma corticosterone and thyroxine (Peakall et al, 1981). Prior evidence on cell cycle changes, cell membrane function, cytopathology, and cell survival data has not been reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Functional and Ultrastructural Cell Pathology Induced by Fuel Oil in Cultured Dolphin Renal Cells

Pfeiffer

Sharova

Gray

2000

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

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“…The only study using weathered oil was that of Stubblefield et al [43], in which at 2,200 mg/kg per d, slight eggshell thinning and decreased spleen weight were noted (the NOEL dose was 220 mg/kg per d). In studies using fresh oil, reduced egg production [44,45], increased weight and enzyme activity of the liver [46,47], decreased spleen weight [48], and increased enzyme activity in kidneys [47] were noted in the 2,000 to 5,000 mg/kg per d dose range [49]. Coon and Dieter [45] noted a slight reduction in egg production using fresh south Louisiana crude at a dose of 250 mg/kg per d.…”

Section: Risk To Wildlife From Consuming Musselsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Calculated field exposures were one to three orders of magnitude below laboratory studies showing sublethal effects. Studies: A ϭ Stubblefield et al [43] using weathered Exxon Valdez crude for 140 d; B ϭ Coon and Dieter [45] using south Louisiana crude oil for 182 d; C1 ϭ Szaro et al [47] using south Louisana crude oil for 56 d; C2 ϭ Szaro et al [48] using no. 2 fuel oil for 126 d; and D ϭ Holmes et al [44] using south Louisiana crude oil and Kuwait crude oil (k) for 100 d. Sublethal effects are (1) decreased spleen weight, (2) slight eggshell thinning, (3) no egg production, (4) reduced egg production, (5) slightly reduced in egg production, (6) increased liver weight, (7) increased enzyme activity of liver, and (8) increased enzyme activity of kidneys.…”

Section: Risk To Wildlife From Consuming Musselsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of mussel beds with residual oil and the risk to foraging wildlife 4 years after the Exxon valdez oil spill

Boehm

Mankiewicz

Reilly

et al. 1996

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Abstract-The grounding of the Exxon Valdez on March 24, 1989, released about 41 million L of crude oil into the waters of Prince William Sound, Alaska, USA, and oiled about 16% of the Prince William Sound shoreline to various degrees. Although winter storms, cleanups, and natural biodegradation have removed the majority of the oil on the shorelines, some residual oil still remains trapped in sediments immediately below mussel beds. This oil was protected from wave action by the dense covering of mussels. Field surveys found that mussels in such beds constituted less than 3% of the mussels available for foraging in two areas that had been extensively oiled in 1989. Levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in these mussels were also measured. Mean PAH concentrations in mussel tissues ranged between 20 and 4,000 ng/g dry weight and in sediments between 20 and 26,000 ng/g dry weight. Assuming that the species considered most at risk (i.e., harlequin ducks, black oystercatchers, and sea otters) consumed the mussel proportion of their diets exclusively from such beds (at either the median or 95th percentile of mussel tissue PAH concentration), the estimated PAH dosage they would receive was one to three orders of magnitude below doses known to cause sublethal effects in surrogate species. Considering the low frequency of mussel beds with residual oil, the patchy distribution of remaining weathered oil residues, and the relatively low PAH concentrations in the mussels, the risk of quantifiable injury at the level of an individual bird or otter, or at the population level, is minimal. Furthermore, based on a review of the mussel PAH data in Prince William Sound, the risk to wildlife has been minimal since 1990, 1 year after the spill.

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Responses of adult mallard ducks to ingested South Louisiana crude oil

Cited by 27 publications

References 13 publications

Scaling restoration to achieve quantitative enhancement of loon, seaduck, and other seabird populations

Scaling restoration to achieve quantitative enhancement of loon, seaduck, and other seabird populations

Functional and Ultrastructural Cell Pathology Induced by Fuel Oil in Cultured Dolphin Renal Cells

Characterization of mussel beds with residual oil and the risk to foraging wildlife 4 years after the Exxon valdez oil spill

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