Responses of apple seedlings to biocides and phosphate fertilizers in orchard soils in British Columbia

Slykhuis, J. T.; Li, Thomas S.C.

doi:10.1080/07060668509501694

Cited by 56 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Root and top growth data from this experiment suggests that the establishment and initial growth of perennials, such as cherry is increased by both P application and by liming acid soils. These effects are consistent wit.h the results of Atkinson (1986), who suggested that early root growth in apple was sensitive to P supply and Slykhuis and Li (1985), who implicated P deficiency in the replant problems of young apple trees in British Columbia. In Australia, Taylor (1975) found that P applications accelerated root regeneration on transplanted fruit trees, leading to earlier flowering and fruiting.…”

Section: Beneficial Effects Of P Application At Low Soil Ph Have Prevsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…In addition, there is some evidence that the initial growth of fruit trees is stimulated by P fertilizers applied at planting time (Taylor and Goubran, 1975) despite a general lack of response to P of mature fruit trees including cherry (Westwood and Wann, 1966) and a recent emphasis on the response of Prunus avium L. to N fertilizer (Georgiev, 1984;Quast, 1983). As a result of research by Slykhuis and Li (1985), monoammonium phosphate applications to the planting hole are now routine in tree-fruit orchards in southern British Columbia for coarse, irrigated soils susceptible to the development of low pH (Ross et al, 1985) and in order to help overcome initial replant problems. Studies of the supply of nutrients to plants need to assess uptake as a function of root length if the contribution of soil and plant factors to deficiencies are to be quantified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Top and root growth and nutrient absorption of Prunus avium L. at two soil pH and P levels

Neilsen

Atkinson³

1990

Plant Soil

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One-year-old Prunus avium L. were grown under greenhouse conditions in a Countesswells soil in all combinations of 2 pH and 2 P levels. The soil, obtained from a long-term liming and fertilizer experiment, provided pH values throughout the experiment of 3.75-3.99 (pH 1) and 4.81-5.41 (pH 2). The P treatments had 0.43% acetic acid extractable P of 31-44 #g g-~ (P1) and 145-173/~g g-~ (P2). The trees were harvested 92 (HI), 134 (H2), and 168 (H3) days after initiation of growth.Top (leaf + new stem) dry weight was significantly increased for pH 2 and P2 at H2 and H3. P2 also increased leaf weight (H 1), the weight of the original stem-root (H2 and H3), and root length but decreased root diameter at both soil pHs (H2 and H3). Total tree uptake of N, P, K, Ca, and Mg was also increased by pH-P combinations which had significantly greater dry matter production and root length. Total Mn uptake decreased at pH2. Root nutrient inflows (uM m-~ day-~ ) were increased for Ca at pH2 and for P at P2. Mn inflow decreased at pH2 and at pHI P2 although the increased root length associated with the latter treatment resulted in increased total tree Mn uptake. In general, high nutrient inflows occurred in all trees at H1 and in severely stunted trees at pill P1; both had larger than average root diameters.

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Section: Beneficial Effects Of P Application At Low Soil Ph Have Prevsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Top and root growth and nutrient absorption of Prunus avium L. at two soil pH and P levels

Neilsen

Atkinson³

1990

Plant Soil

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“…The soil (pH5.7) was a sandy loam with 3% organic matter. The characterization of the field soil as apple replant disease was confirmed by pasteurization (70°C, I h) of soil and planting 3-week-old Mclntosh apple seedlings as described by Slykhuis and Li (1985). Composite soil samples were mixed thoroughly and then passed through a 6-mm sieve to remove stones and root fragments.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, because of the control obtained with soil fumigation and/or pasteurization, the cause of ARD is thought to be biotic * Contribution number 700. (Jaffee et al, 1982;Mai and Abawi, 1981;Slykhuis and Li, 1985). Sewell (1981) suggested pythiaceous fungi as the primary cause of ARD in England.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of nematodes, fungi and bacteria on the growth of young apple trees grown in apple replant disease soil

1992

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Growth, dry root weight of seedlings and root score of apple seedlings cv. McIntosh were reduced when soils were inoculated with Pratylenchus penetrans, Penicillium janthinellum, Constantinella terrestris, Trichoderma sp., and 4 strains of Bacillus subtilis. Trichoderma sp., and B-1 and B-26 strains of B. subtilis alone reduced plant growth but the combination of Trichoderma sp. + B. subtilis (B-l) and Trichoderma sp. + B. subtilis (B-26) increased plant height. Plant height, root weight and root score were significantly reduced when P. penetrans plus B. subtilis or P. penetrans plus fungi plus bacteria were present in the soil. It is suggested that fungi, bacteria, nematodes alone or their combinations such as nematodes plus bacteria or nematodes plus fungi plus bacteria may contribute towards the occurrence of apple replant disease.

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“…Phosphate fertilization (P) has also been shown to improve the early growth and establishment of peach (Tagliavini, 1991) and apple (Sl~khuis and Li, 1985) in old orchard soil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth of peach as affected by decomposition of own root residues in soil

Tagliavini

Marangoni

1992

Plant Soil

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The effects of decomposing peach root residues in soil on peach growth were determined in two pot experiments. In the first, peach root residues, despite their high C:N ratio and lignin content, largely decomposed under experimental conditions, leading to an immobilization of inorganic N. Shoot growth of peach seedlings was depressed by the addition of peach root residues, an effect that depended on their size and concentration: fine-textured root fragments (0.45-1.00mm) resulted in more severe effects than medium sized ones (2-8 mm), while growth depression occurred only at concentrations higher than 0.35%. Peach root growth was depressed by root residues regardless of their size and amount. In the second experiment, where nitrogen was added to all pots to minimize the effects of immobilization of N during decomposition of root fragments, the growth of peach roots in residuesupplemented soil almost stopped. Pre-planting phosphate enrichment was very effective in stimulating growth of peach in virgin soil but did not offset the depression caused by peach root residues. It thus appears that besides mineral deficiencies, there exist alternative explanations of poor growth of peach in replant soils, including growth-inhibiting substances from decomposing root residues.

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Responses of apple seedlings to biocides and phosphate fertilizers in orchard soils in British Columbia

Cited by 56 publications

References 5 publications

Top and root growth and nutrient absorption of Prunus avium L. at two soil pH and P levels

Top and root growth and nutrient absorption of Prunus avium L. at two soil pH and P levels

Effects of nematodes, fungi and bacteria on the growth of young apple trees grown in apple replant disease soil

Growth of peach as affected by decomposition of own root residues in soil

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