Responses of broilers to dietary zinc concentrations and sources in relation to environmental implications

Burrell, A.L.; Dozier, W. A.; Davis, Adam; Compton, MM; Freeman, M. E.; Vendrell, Paul F.; Ward, T. L.

doi:10.1080/00071660410001715867

Cited by 123 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Similarly, broiler growth performance was neither affected by Zn supplementation nor supply of microbial phytase. In accordance, no improvement in growth performance of broiler starters up to 21 days of age was observed by adding zinc (Mohanna and Nys, 1999a;Burrell et al, 2004;Jondreville et al, 2007) or microbial phytase (Mohanna and Nys, 1999b;Jondreville et al, 2007) to maize-soybean meal diets containing more than 30 mg of Zn/kg. Dietary Zn contents slightly below 40 mg Zn/kg may therefore be sufficient for optimal growth over a limited time period of 21 days.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Zinc availability and digestive zinc solubility in piglets and broilers fed diets varying in their phytate contents, phytase activity and supplemented zinc source

Schlegel

Nys

Jondreville

2010

Animal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary zinc addition (0 or 15 mg/kg of Zn as inorganic or organic zinc) to three maize-soybean meal basal diets varying in their native Zn, phytic P contents and phytase activity (expressed in kg of feed: P2 with 25 mg Zn and 1.3 g phytic P, P1 with 38 mg Zn and 2.3 g phytic P or P1/ENZ being P1 including 500 units (FTU) of microbial phytase per kg) in two monogastric species (piglets, broilers). Measured parameters were growth performance, zinc status (plasma, and bone zinc) and soluble zinc in digesta (stomach, gizzard and intestine). The nine experimental diets were fed for 20 days either to weaned piglets (six replicates per treatment) or to 1-day-old broilers (10 replicates per treatment). Animal performance was not affected by dietary treatments ( P . 0.05) except that all P2 diets improved body weight gain and feed conversion ratio in piglets ( P , 0.05). Piglets fed P2 diets had a better Zn status than those fed P1 diets ( P , 0.05). In both species, Zn status was improved with supplemental Zn ( P , 0.05), irrespective of Zn source. Phytase supplementation improved piglet Zn status to a higher extent than adding dietary Zn, whereas in broilers, phytase was less efficient than supplemental Zn. Digestive Zn concentrations reflected the quantity of ingested Zn. Soluble Zn (mg/kg dry matter) and Zn solubility (% of total Zn content) were highest in gizzard contents, which also presented lower pH values than stomach or intestines. The intestinal Zn solubility was higher in piglet fed organic Zn than those fed inorganic Zn ( P , 0.01). Phytase increased soluble Zn in piglet stomach ( P , 0.001) and intestine ( P 5 0.1), but not in broiler gizzard and intestinal contents. These results demonstrate (i) that dietary zinc was used more efficiently by broilers than by piglets, most probably due to the lower gizzard pH and its related higher zinc solubility; (ii) that zinc supplementation, irrespective of zinc source, was successful in improving animal's zinc status; and (iii) suggest that supplemented Zn availability was independent from the diet formulation. Finally, the present data confirm that phytase was efficient in increasing digestive soluble Zn and improving zinc status in piglets. However, the magnitude of these effects was lower in broilers probably due to the naturally higher Zn availability in poultry than in swine.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Zinc availability and digestive zinc solubility in piglets and broilers fed diets varying in their phytate contents, phytase activity and supplemented zinc source

Schlegel

Nys

Jondreville

2010

Animal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…On the other hand, Swinkel et al (1994) found that diets with low zinc levels resulted in low feed intake, whereas Burrell et al (2004), adding graded zinc levels to the basal diet significantly increased broiler weight gain, but not observe any changes in feed conversion ratio or mortality.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Levels of Zinc and Manganese on the Performance of Broilers Between 1 to 42 Days of Age

Pacheco¹,

Nakagi²,

Kobashigawa³

et al. 2017

Rev. Bras. Cienc. Avic.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The objective of this study was to determine the optimal dietary concentration of zinc and manganese on the performance characteristic and the requirement of these trace minerals derived from organic sources for broilers from 1 to 42 days of age. In experiment 1, zinc was evaluated, whereas manganese was evaluated in experiment 2. In each experiment, 320 males chicks were distributed in iron mesh metabolic cages (0.9m x 0.7m x 0.5m), according to a completely randomized experimental design in eight treatments with five replicates of eight birds each. In experiment 1, zinc sulfate was included at 0,60 and 100mg/kg and zinc methionine at 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100mg/kg. In experiment 2, manganese sulfate was added at 0, 65 and 105mg/kg and manganese methionine at 25, 45, 65, 85 and 105 mg/kg. Trace mineral requirements were determined comparing only organic trace mineral levels. The evaluated trace minerals (zinc and manganese) did not influence broiler performance, independently of source or level. It was concluded that the requirements of broilers from 1 to 42 days of age were supplied with no addition of zinc or manganese, under the conditions of the present experiments. However, under commercial rearing conditions, which are more challenging, the use of levels higher than 33.00 mg/kg and37.80 mg/kg of zinc and manganese, respectively, may be justified.

show abstract

“…National Research Council (1994) states that the provision of diets containing 40 mg of zinc per kg is optimal for chick growth. However, in previous studies, no improvement in growth performance of chicks up to 21 days of age was observed by adding zinc (Mohanna and Nys, 1999b;Burrell et al, 2004;Jondreville et al, 2007) or microbial phytase (Mohanna and Nys, 1999b;Jondreville et al, 2007) to maize-soya-bean meal diets not supplemented with zinc, containing at least 28 mg of zinc per kg. In contrast, improvements in weight gain (Yi et al, 1996;Mohanna and Nys, 1999a) and in FCR (Mohanna and Nys, 1999a) were Replacement of zinc sulphate by phytase for chickens achieved when the unsupplemented maize-soya-bean meal basal diet contained around 20 mg of zinc per kg.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, improvements in weight gain (Yi et al, 1996;Mohanna and Nys, 1999a) and in FCR (Mohanna and Nys, 1999a) were Replacement of zinc sulphate by phytase for chickens achieved when the unsupplemented maize-soya-bean meal basal diet contained around 20 mg of zinc per kg. According to Burrell et al (2004), improvements in growth rate could not be observed by adding zinc to a diet containing around 30 mg zinc per kg because zinc provision by the basal diet was too close to the recommended allowance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This component forms insoluble complexes with zinc and limits its availability to non-ruminant species (O'Dell and Savage, 1960). Consequently, besides the excessive excretion of phosphorus, the presence of high amounts of phytates in animal diets may cause environmental pollution due to zinc accumulation in soils (Mohanna and Nys, 1999a;Burrell et al, 2004). Microbial phytase, which hydrolyses phytate, is an important means for environmental protection with regard to phosphorus excretion by both pigs and poultry (Kornegay, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Sparing effect of microbial phytase on zinc supplementation in maize–soya-bean meal diets for chickens

Jondreville

Lescoat

Magnin³

et al. 2007

Animal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The experiment was conducted to evaluate the sparing effect of microbial phytase on the need for dietary zinc supplementation in chicks. A maize-soya-bean meal basal diet, containing 33 mg of zinc and 16 mg of copper per kg, supplemented with 0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30 or 60 mg of zinc as sulphate per kg or with 250, 500, 750 or 1000 units (FTU) of microbial phytase (3-phytase from Aspergillus niger, Natuphos R ) per kg was given to 1-day-old chicks for 20 days. Sixteen chicks placed in individual cages were assigned to each diet except the unsupplemented basal diet which was assigned to 32 cages. Actual range of phytase supplementation was 280 to 850 FTU per kg diet. Growth performance was not affected by microbial phytase. Chicks given the unsupplemented basal diet and the basal diet supplemented with 60 mg of zinc per kg displayed similar performance. Bone weight, bone ash, liver weight and liver dry matter were independent (P . 0.1) of zinc and phytase supplementations. Plasma, bone and liver zinc concentrations increased linearly (P , 0.001) and quadratically (P , 0.001; P , 0.001 and P , 0.05, respectively) with zinc added. Plasma zinc tended to increase linearly (P 5 0.07) and bone zinc increased linearly (P , 0.01) with phytase added but no quadratic response was detected (P . 0.1). Liver zinc was unresponsive to phytase added (P . 0.1). Liver copper decreased linearly (P , 0.001) and quadratically (P , 0.01) with zinc supplementation. Mathematical functions were fitted to the responses of plasma and bone zinc to zinc and phytase added and used to calculate zinc equivalency values of phytase. The models included a linear plateau response to zinc added and a linear response to phytase added. In diets without phytase, plasma and bone zinc concentrations were maximised for a dietary zinc concentration of 55 and 51 mg/kg, respectively. Over the range of 280 to 850 FTU, 100 FTU was equivalent to 1 mg of zinc as sulphate. Consequently, in a maize-soya-bean meal chicken diet formulated to contain 60 mg zinc per kg, zinc ingested, and in turn, zinc excreted may be reduced by around 10% if the diet contains 500 FTU as Natuphos R per kg.

show abstract

Responses of broilers to dietary zinc concentrations and sources in relation to environmental implications

Cited by 123 publications

References 22 publications

Zinc availability and digestive zinc solubility in piglets and broilers fed diets varying in their phytate contents, phytase activity and supplemented zinc source

Zinc availability and digestive zinc solubility in piglets and broilers fed diets varying in their phytate contents, phytase activity and supplemented zinc source

Dietary Levels of Zinc and Manganese on the Performance of Broilers Between 1 to 42 Days of Age

Sparing effect of microbial phytase on zinc supplementation in maize–soya-bean meal diets for chickens

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About